loven
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlɔːˀvən/, [ˈlɔˀʋn̩], [ˈlɔwˀn̩], [ˈlɒwˀn̩]
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈloː.və(n)/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: lo‧ven
- Rhymes: -oːvən
- Homophone: Loven
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch loven, from Old Dutch lovon (“to praise, to sing psalms”), from Proto-West Germanic *lobōn, from Proto-Germanic *lubōną.
Inflection
| Inflection of loven (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | loven | |||
| past singular | loofde | |||
| past participle | geloofd | |||
| infinitive | loven | |||
| gerund | loven n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | loof | loofde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | looft | loofde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | looft | loofde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | looft | loofde | ||
| 3rd person singular | looft | loofde | ||
| plural | loven | loofden | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | love | loofde | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | loven | loofden | ||
| imperative sing. | loof | |||
| imperative plur.1 | looft | |||
| participles | lovend | geloofd | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Related terms
Descendants
- Negerhollands: loov
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Middle Dutch
Inflection
| Weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | lōven | |
| 3rd sg. past | — | |
| 3rd pl. past | — | |
| Past participle | — | |
| Infinitive | lōven | |
| In genitive | lōvens | |
| In dative | lōvene | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | lōve | — |
| 2nd singular | lōofs, lōves | — |
| 3rd singular | lōoft, lōvet | — |
| 1st plural | lōven | — |
| 2nd plural | lōoft, lōvet | — |
| 3rd plural | lōven | — |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | lōve | — |
| 2nd singular | lōofs, lōves | — |
| 3rd singular | lōve | — |
| 1st plural | lōven | — |
| 2nd plural | lōoft, lōvet | — |
| 3rd plural | lōven | — |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | lōof, lōve | |
| Plural | lōoft, lōvet | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | lōvende | — |
Descendants
- Dutch: loven
Middle English
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old English lufian, from Proto-West Germanic *lubōn; equivalent to love (“love”) + -en (infinitival suffix).
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈluvən/, /ˈloːvən/
Verb
loven (third-person singular simple present loveth, present participle lovende, lovynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle loved)
- To love; to have affection (for someone or something):
- c. 1395, John Wycliffe, John Purvey [et al.], transl., Bible (Wycliffite Bible (later version), MS Lich 10.), published c. 1410, Joon 3:16, page 44v, column 1; republished as Wycliffe's translation of the New Testament, Lichfield: Bill Endres, 2010:
- ffoꝛ god lovyde ſo þe woꝛld .· þat he ȝaf his oon bigeten ſone / þat ech man þ[at] bileueþ in h[im] periſſhe not .· but haue euerlaſtynge lijf
- Because God loved the world so much, he gave his own begotten son, so anyone that believes in him won't perish, but has everlasting life.
-
- To derive enjoyment or pleasure (from something).
- To want or crave; to have a wish for.
- (euphemistic) To make love; to have sexual intercourse with.
- (rare) To function well; to flourish.
Conjugation
| infinitive | (to) loven, love | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | love | loved | |
| 2nd-person singular | lovest | lovedest | |
| 3rd-person singular | loveth | loved | |
| subjunctive singular | love | ||
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural1 | loven, love | loveden, lovede | |
| imperative plural | loveth, love | — | |
| participles | lovynge, lovende | loved, yloved | |
1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
References
- “lǒven, v.(1).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Etymology 2
Inherited from Old English lofian, from Proto-West Germanic *lobōn, from Proto-Germanic *lubōną; equivalent to lof (“praise”) + -en (infinitival suffix).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlɔːvən/, /ˈlɔvən/
- (influenced by Etymology 1) IPA(key): /ˈluvən/, /ˈloːvən/
Verb
loven (third-person singular simple present loveth, present participle lovende, lovynge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle loved)
Conjugation
| infinitive | (to) loven, love | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | love | loved | |
| 2nd-person singular | lovest | lovedest | |
| 3rd-person singular | loveth | loved | |
| subjunctive singular | love | ||
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural1 | loven, love | loveden, lovede | |
| imperative plural | loveth, love | — | |
| participles | lovynge, lovende | loved, yloved | |
1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
References
- “lǒven, v.(2).”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.