mjnj

Egyptian
FWOTD – 10 January 2018

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈmijnit/ → /ˈmijniʔ/ → /ˈmeʔnaʔ/ → /ˈmeʔnə/

Verb
mn
n		 iP11P1

 4ae inf.

  1. (intransitive) to moor (a boat)
    • 12th Dynasty, Tomb of Sarenput I, great biographical inscription, line 7:[1]
      Hr
      r      		 dmiiN23
      Z1 Z1
      Z1      		 mN17Aa32t
      y      		 xAstn
      a
      a      		 wP1mn
      n      		 iwP11P1Xr
      r      		 stt
      Z1      		 Hr Z1
      f
      […] ḥr(j) dmjw m tꜣ-ztj nꜥꜥw mjnw ẖr st ḥr.f
      […] Supervisor of the Harbours in Ta-Seti, the one who sailed and the one who moored were under his inspection.
  2. (intransitive, euphemistic) to die
    • 12th Dynasty, Tomb of Djefaihapi (Asyut Tomb 1), great hall, east wall, north side of door, line 267:[2]
      iwA1sx
      xA      		 AA2A1sp
      r      		 spr
      D54      		 A1&r nTrA40hrw p
      f      		 n
      mn
      n      		 iiZ6
      gm      		 mf
      w      		 A1
      jw.j sḫꜣ.j spr.j r nṯr hrw pf n(j) mjnj gm.f wj
      I was thinking about the fact that I would reach (my) god on that day of dying (literally: mooring), when he would find me.
    • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 2.7–2.8:
      aHaa
      n      		 HmZ1
      n      		 swH_SPACE
      t      		 bit
      t      		 <
      A19n
      y
      		>mn
      n      		 iqmAZ6
      n      		 f
      ꜥḥꜥ.n ḥm n(j) nswt-bjtj ḥwnj mjn(.w) n.f
      Then the majesty of the Dual King Huni moored for him (i.e. died).[3]

Usage notes

The written order of the radicals of this word transposes the n and the first j for aesthetic reasons.

Inflection
Conjugation of mjnj (fourth weak / 4ae inf. / IV. inf.) — base stem: mjn, geminated stem: mjnn
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
mjn
 mjnw, mjnyw, mjn
 mjnt, mjnwt, mjnyt
 mjn
 mjn, mjny
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
mjn8
 ḥr mjn
 m mjn
 r mjn
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect mjn.n
 consecutive mjn.jn
terminative mjnt
perfective3 mjn
 obligative1 mjn.ḫr
imperfective mjn, mjny
prospective3 mjnw, mjn, mjny
 potentialis1 mjn.kꜣ
subjunctive mjn, mjny
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect mjn.n
 — —
perfective mjnw1, mjny, mjn
 mjn
 mjny, mjn
imperfective mjnn, mjnny, mjnnw5
 mjnn, mjnnj6, mjnny6
 mjnn, mjnnw5
prospective mjnw1, mjny, mjn, mjntj7
 mjnwtj1 4, mjntj4, mjnt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mjnj  
mn
n		 iP11Z6
mn
n		 iT14Z6
mjnj mjnj
in the sense ‘to die’ in the sense ‘to die’

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲁⲙⲟⲛⲓ (amoni)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲙⲟⲟⲛⲉ (moone)

References
  1. Sethe, Kurt (1935) Urkunden des ägyptischen Altertums VII: Historisch-biographische Urkunden des Mittleren Reiches, Leipzig: J. C. Hinrichs’sche Buchhandlung, page 2
  2. Griffith, Francis Llewellyn (1889) The Inscriptions of Siûṭ and Dêr Rîfeh, plate 6.
  3. If the end of this sentence is instead a perfect verb ending, mjn.n.f, it could instead read ‘the Dual King Huni, he moored (i.e. died).’ Allen prefers the stative, as given here, for reasons of the verb’s intransitivity; cf. Allen, James (2015) Middle Egyptian Literature: Eight Literary Works of the Middle Kingdom, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 167.
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