nfj

Egyptian

Etymology

Compare with Proto-Semitic *napaḫ-.

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈniːfit/ → /ˈniːfiʔ/ → /ˈniːfə/

Verb
n
f		 TAwA24

 3ae inf.

  1. (transitive or intransitive) to exhale or blow (+ r: on)

Inflection
Conjugation of nfj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: nf, geminated stem: nff
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
nft, nfj
 nfw, nf
 nft, nfwt, nfyt
 nf
 nf, nfy
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
nf8, nff8
 ḥr nft, ḥr nfj
 m nft, m nfj
 r nft, r nfj
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect nf.n
 nfw, nf, nfy
 consecutive nf.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative nft, nfyt
perfective3 nf
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative1 nf.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective nf, nfy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 nfw, nf, nfy
 nfw, nf, nfy
 potentialis1 nf.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive nf, nfy
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect nf.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective nfw1, nfy, nf
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 nf
 nfy, nf
imperfective nff, nffy, nffw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 nff, nffj6, nffy6
 nff, nffw5
prospective nfw1, nfy, nf, nftj7
 — nfwtj1 4, nftj4, nft4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
  8. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Descendants
  • Bohairic Coptic: ⲛⲓϥⲓ (nifi)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ⲛⲓϥⲉ (nife)

References
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