qꜣꜥ

Egyptian

Etymology

Compare qjs (“to vomit”), qꜣ, qꜣꜣ (“to be putrid; to vomit”), Ge'ez ቄአ (ḳeʾä), present ይቂእ (yəḳiʾ, “to vomit”), Tigre ቀኣ (ḳäʾa, “to vomit”), Arabic قَاءَ‎ (qāʔa), present يَقِيءُ‎ (yaqīʔu, “to vomit”), Hebrew קָא‎ (qāʾ), present יָקִיא‎ (yāqīʾ, “to vomit”).

Pronunciation

(modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /kɑʔɑː/
- Conventional anglicization: qaa

Verb

3-lit.

(transitive) to vomit, to spew out

Inflection

Conjugation of qꜣꜥ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: qꜣꜥ, geminated stem: qꜣꜥꜥ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
qꜣꜥ	qꜣꜥw, qꜣꜥ	qꜣꜥt	qꜣꜥ	qꜣꜥ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
qꜣꜥ	ḥr qꜣꜥ	m qꜣꜥ	r qꜣꜥ

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	passive	contingent
aspect / mood	active	passive	aspect / mood	active	passive
perfect	qꜣꜥ.n	qꜣꜥw, qꜣꜥ	consecutive	qꜣꜥ.jn	active + .tj¹, .tw²
perfect	qꜣꜥ.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²
terminative	qꜣꜥt
perfective³	qꜣꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative¹	qꜣꜥ.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
imperfective	qꜣꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	obligative¹	qꜣꜥ.ḫr	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	qꜣꜥ	qꜣꜥꜥ	potentialis¹	qꜣꜥ.kꜣ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
prospective³	qꜣꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²
subjunctive	qꜣꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	qꜣꜥ.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	qꜣꜥ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	qꜣꜥ	qꜣꜥ, qꜣꜥw⁵, qꜣꜥy⁵
imperfective	qꜣꜥ, qꜣꜥy, qꜣꜥw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	qꜣꜥ, qꜣꜥj⁶, qꜣꜥy⁶	qꜣꜥ, qꜣꜥw⁵
prospective	qꜣꜥ, qꜣꜥtj⁷	—	qꜣꜥtj⁴, qꜣꜥt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of qꜣꜥ

qꜥ

[since the New Kingdom]

References

Erman, Adolf; Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 7.5–7.16
Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 456

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