sarmentum

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin sarmentum.

Pronunciation
  • Rhymes: -ɛntəm

Noun

sarmentum (plural sarmenta)

  1. (botany) A runner.
    • 1821, Samuel Frederick Gray, “An Introduction to Botany”, in A Natural Arrangement of British Plants, With An Introduction to Botany, volume 1, page 42:
      Runner-bearing, viticulosæ. Throwing out runners, viticulæ, sarmenta, or flagella, which take root from space to space.

Latin

Etymology

For earlier *sarpmentom, equivalent to sarpō (“to cut off, trim, prune, clean”) +‎ -mentum.

Noun

sarmentum n (genitive sarmentī); second declension

  1. shoot
  2. (chiefly in the plural) twigs, brushwood
  3. plural, sarmenta: faggots of small wood gathered for the burning of Christians bound to semaxis, board or stake

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case Singular Plural
Nominative sarmentum sarmenta
Genitive sarmentī sarmentōrum
Dative sarmentō sarmentīs
Accusative sarmentum sarmenta
Ablative sarmentō sarmentīs
Vocative sarmentum sarmenta

Descendants
  • → Alemannic German: Sermde, Serme
  • Catalan: sarment
  • French: sarment
  • Italian: sarmento
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: xermento
  • Portuguese: sarmento
  • Spanish: sarmiento

References
  • “sarmentum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “sarmentum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • sarmentum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
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