sofocar

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin suffōcō. Cognate with English suffocate.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /sofoˈkaɾ/ [so.foˈkaɾ]
  • Audio (Colombia)(file)
  • Rhymes: -aɾ
  • Syllabification: so‧fo‧car

Verb

sofocar (first-person singular present sofoco, first-person singular preterite sofoqué, past participle sofocado)

  1. to suffocate, to stifle, to smother
  2. to quell, to suppress, to put down, to crush, to quash, to squelch
    Intentábamos sofocar la rebelión antes de que empezara.
    We were trying to quell the rebellion before it started.

Conjugation
    Conjugation of sofocar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)
infinitive sofocar
gerund sofocando
past participle masculine feminine
singular sofocado sofocada
plural sofocados sofocadas
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present sofoco sofocastú
sofocásvos		 sofoca sofocamos sofocáis sofocan
imperfect sofocaba sofocabas sofocaba sofocábamos sofocabais sofocaban
preterite sofoqué sofocaste sofocó sofocamos sofocasteis sofocaron
future sofocaré sofocarás sofocará sofocaremos sofocaréis sofocarán
conditional sofocaría sofocarías sofocaría sofocaríamos sofocaríais sofocarían
subjunctive yo tú
vos		 él/ella/ello
usted		 nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ellos/ellas
ustedes
present sofoque sofoquestú
sofoquésvos2		 sofoque sofoquemos sofoquéis sofoquen
imperfect
(ra)		 sofocara sofocaras sofocara sofocáramos sofocarais sofocaran
imperfect
(se)		 sofocase sofocases sofocase sofocásemos sofocaseis sofocasen
future1 sofocare sofocares sofocare sofocáremos sofocareis sofocaren
imperative — tú
vos		 usted nosotros
nosotras		 vosotros
vosotras		 ustedes
affirmative sofocatú
sofocávos		 sofoque sofoquemos sofocad sofoquen
negative no sofoques no sofoque no sofoquemos no sofoquéis no sofoquen

1Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
2Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of sofocar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
with infinitive sofocar
dative sofocarme sofocarte sofocarle, sofocarse sofocarnos sofocaros sofocarles, sofocarse
accusative sofocarme sofocarte sofocarlo, sofocarla, sofocarse sofocarnos sofocaros sofocarlos, sofocarlas, sofocarse
with gerund sofocando
dative sofocándome sofocándote sofocándole, sofocándose sofocándonos sofocándoos sofocándoles, sofocándose
accusative sofocándome sofocándote sofocándolo, sofocándola, sofocándose sofocándonos sofocándoos sofocándolos, sofocándolas, sofocándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative sofoca
dative sofócame sofócate sofócale sofócanos not used sofócales
accusative sofócame sofócate sofócalo, sofócala sofócanos not used sofócalos, sofócalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative sofocá
dative sofocame sofocate sofocale sofocanos not used sofocales
accusative sofocame sofocate sofocalo, sofocala sofocanos not used sofocalos, sofocalas
with formal second-person singular imperative sofoque
dative sofóqueme not used sofóquele, sofóquese sofóquenos not used sofóqueles
accusative sofóqueme not used sofóquelo, sofóquela, sofóquese sofóquenos not used sofóquelos, sofóquelas
with first-person plural imperative sofoquemos
dative not used sofoquémoste sofoquémosle sofoquémonos sofoquémoos sofoquémosles
accusative not used sofoquémoste sofoquémoslo, sofoquémosla sofoquémonos sofoquémoos sofoquémoslos, sofoquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative sofocad
dative sofocadme not used sofocadle sofocadnos sofocaos sofocadles
accusative sofocadme not used sofocadlo, sofocadla sofocadnos sofocaos sofocadlos, sofocadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative sofoquen
dative sofóquenme not used sofóquenle sofóquennos not used sofóquenles, sofóquense
accusative sofóquenme not used sofóquenlo, sofóquenla sofóquennos not used sofóquenlos, sofóquenlas, sofóquense

Derived terms

Further reading
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