spodrs

Latvian

Etymology

From the same source as spīdēt (“to shine”) (q.v.): a stem *spīd-, probably borrowed from Iranian, nasalized in Baltic to *spīnd-; its ablaut alternants *spend-, *spand- yielded *spuod-, hence dialectal spods and, with an extra r, standard spodrs. (From a yo-stem variant came Latvian spožs (“bright”), q.v.).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [spuôdɾs]

Adjective

spodrs (definite spodrais, comparative spodrāks, superlative visspodrākais, adverb spodri)

  1. shiny, lustrous, glossy, bright (such that its surface, because of smoothness, color or cleanness, reflects light well)
    spodras logu rūtis ― shiny window panes
    spodras palodzes ― shiny, lustrous windowsills
    spodrs papīrs ― glossy paper
    spodras tapetes ― glossy wallpaper
    ar eļļas krāsu krāsotas grīdas pēc nomazgāšanas var pārklāt ar caurspīdīgu laku; tāda grīda ir ļoti spodra ― floors painted with oil paint can be covered with transparent lacquer after washing; such floor(s) are very shiny
  2. perfectly, spotlessly clean
    spodra veļa ― spotless linen
    spodra virtuve ― spotless kitchen
    spodrs krekls ― spotless shirt
    spodri trauki ― spotless dishes
    uz vadža karājas spodrs dvielis, bļodā ieliets ūdens ― on the pegs a clean towel was hanging, in the basin water had been poured
  3. cleanly, tidily, smartly dressed
    pēc skata vīrs rādījās aprūpēts un apkopts, spodrs un kārtīgs ― externally, the man looked well groomed and well kept, clean and tidy
  4. (figuratively) shining; which corresponds to high expectations
    bet vai spodru tautas tikumu, / veidojies kas ilgi cilšu ciltīs, / tikpat viegli pārkāpt, atmest var? ― but can one so easily disrespect or even abandon the shining folk traditions, / which formed themselves during a long time, in tribes of tribes (= among the tribes)?
  5. (of lights, light sources; also eyes) relatively bright
    auksta un nežēlīgi spodra ir mēnesnīca; viss apklusis un aizsnidzis ― cold and cruelly bright is the moonlight; everything (was) silent and covered with snow
    tēvs raudzījās klusi tai pašā vientuļajā zvaigznīte, kas ar katru acumirkli kļuva spodrāka un spožāka ― father looked silently at that same solitary little star that, with every passing moment, became lighter and brighter
    viņa pasmaidīja, tīrām, spodrām acīm skatīdamās ― she smiled, looking with (her) clean, bright eyes
  6. (of places, times, areas) relatively bright; such that relatively bright light spreads in it
    saule patlaban norietēja, un pie spodrajām vakara debesīm iedegās pirmās zvaigznes ― the sun was now setting, and on the bright evening sky the first stars lit up
  7. (of sounds) bright, sonorous
    kora skanīgums gan dažkārt ir dzirdēts spodrāks un skaidrāks izstrādājumā ― the sonorousness of the choir is sometimes heard brighter and clearer in (= during) its realization

Declension

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

References

  1. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “spodrs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.