tahan

See also: tahán and tähän

English

Etymology

From Malay tahan.

Pronunciation

Verb

tahan (no third-person singular simple present, no present participle, simple past and past participle tahan)

  1. (Malaysia, Singapore, colloquial) To endure; to bear.

Anagrams

Estonian

Verb

tahan

  1. first-person singular present indicative of tahtma

Indonesian

Etymology

From Malay tahan, from Classical Malay تاهن‎ (tahan), from Proto-Malayic *tahən, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqan (“to hold back, to keep in reserve”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ˈtahan]
  • Hyphenation: ta‧han

Adjective

tahan

  1. durable
  2. strong
  3. tolerate
    Synonym: betah
  4. enough, sufficient
    Synonym: cukup
  5. resistant

Hyponyms
  • tahan air
  • tahan api
  • tahan banting
  • tahan besi
  • tahan cuaca
  • tahan cuci
  • tahan gelombang
  • tahan harga
  • tahan hati
  • tahan hidup
  • tahan hina
  • tahan karat
  • tahan kias
  • tahan lama
  • tahan lapar
  • tahan lasak
  • tahan malu
  • tahan ombak
  • tahan palu
  • tahan peluru
  • tahan pukul
  • tahan sabar
  • tahan sesah
  • tahan tangan
  • tahan tapa
  • tahan turut
  • tahan uji

Derived terms
  • bertahan
  • bertahan-tahan
  • kebertahanan
  • ketahanan
  • mempertahankan
  • menahan
  • menahani
  • menahankan
  • pemertahanan
  • penahan
  • penahanan
  • pertahanan
  • tahanan
  • tertahan
  • tertahan-tahan
  • tertahankan

Further reading

Malay

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ta.han/, [ˈt̪ähän]
  • Hyphenation: ta‧han
  • Rhymes: -han, -an

Etymology 1

From Proto-Malayic *tahən, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqan (“to hold back, to keep in reserve”).

Verb

tahan (Jawi spelling تاهن‎)

  1. to endure, to bear, to withstand, to resist
    tahan lapar ― to endure hunger
    tahan sakit ― to endure the pain
  2. to be lasting, to be persisting (in)
  3. to be sufficient (for a certain period)
  4. (of an object) to be firm, to be strong
  5. (of a disease) to improve, to be on the mend
Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

  • bertahan (“to be holding fast to”) [stative / habitual] (beR-)
  • dipertahankan (“to be persisted”) [causative passive + patient focus + causative benefactive] (peR- + di- + -kan)
  • pertahan (“to be held back”) [causative passive] (peR-)
  • pertahani (“to be controlled”) [causative passive + causative (locative) benefactive] (peR- + -i)
  • pertahankan (“to be endured”) [causative passive + causative benefactive] (peR- + -kan)
  • ketahanan (“defensiveness; durability”) [abstract / locative] (ke-an)
  • memertahankan (“to maintain; to preserve”) [causative passive + agent focus + causative benefactive] (peR- + meN- + -kan)
  • menahan (“to block; to hold back”) [agent focus] (meN-)
  • menahani (“to block; to control”) [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
  • menahankan (“to make something durable”) [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
  • penahan (“defender”) [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
  • penahanan (“defending; controlling”) [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peN- + -an)
  • pertahan (“defence”) [causative passive] (peR-)
  • tahanan (“hindrance; obstacle”) [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
  • tahankan (“to cause something or someone to block”) [causative benefactive] (-kan)
  • tertahan (“to be able to block”) [agentless action] (teR-)
  • tertahani (“to be controllable”) [agentless action + causative (locative) benefactive] (teR- + -i)
  • tertahan-tahan (“(already be) off and on; disjointed(ly)”) [reduplication + agentless action] (redup + teR-)
Descendants
  • Indonesian: tahan
  • → Cantonese: 打限 (daa2 haan6)
  • → English: tahan
  • → Min Nan: 打限 (tá-hān)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqan, *taqən, from Proto-Austronesian *taqan (“to set a trap, to set a snare”).

Verb

tahan (Jawi spelling تاهن‎)

  1. to cast a net (to catch fish), to set a trap (to catch animal, fish, etc.)
Derived terms
Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

  • tertahan (“(already be) cast a net”) [agentless action] (teR-)

Noun

tahan (Jawi spelling تاهن‎, plural tahan-tahan, informal 1st possessive tahanku, 2nd possessive tahanmu, 3rd possessive tahannya)

  1. (navigation) a rope installed from the top of a mast to the rear of a boat

Further reading

Tagalog

Etymology 1

Possibly borrowed from Malay tahan (“holding out against; resistance; restraint; to sustain”), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taqan (“to hold back, to keep in reserve”). Possible doublet of taan.

Pronunciation
  • Hyphenation: ta‧han
  • IPA(key): /ˈtahan/, [ˈta.hɐn] (noun, interjection)
  • IPA(key): /taˈhan/, [tɐˈhan]

Noun

tahan or tahán (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜑᜈ᜔)

  1. stopping from crying
  2. (in general) stopping; ceasing (of rain, running, etc.)
    Synonyms: hinto, tigil, humpay, tugot, likat, paghinto, pagtigil, paghumpay, pagtugot, paglikat
  3. temporary suspension (of work)
    Synonyms: pagkatigil, pagkapatigil, pagkahinto, pagkapahinto
Derived terms
  • itahan
  • magpatahan
  • magtahan
  • makapagpatahan
  • pagtahan
  • patahanin
  • tumahan

Interjection

tahan or tahán (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜑᜈ᜔)

  1. said to someone crying to stop crying: stop crying!

Adjective

tahán (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜑᜈ᜔)

  1. no longer crying (especially of a baby or child)
  2. not moving; resting; at rest
    Synonyms: tigil, nakatigil, hinto, nakahinto
  3. not working; resting
    Synonyms: namamahinga, nagpapahinga

Etymology 2

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *tahan (“abode, place of residence”), from a metathesis of Proto-Austronesian *taNaS (“village; place of residence”).

Pronunciation
  • Hyphenation: ta‧han
  • IPA(key): /ˈtahan/, [ˈta.hɐn]
  • IPA(key): /taˈhan/, [tɐˈhan]

Noun

tahan or tahán (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜑᜈ᜔)

  1. residing; living (in a house, etc.)
    Synonyms: tira, pagtira, paninirahan
  2. temporary stay or sojourn
    Synonyms: tuloy, pagtuloy, panunulayan
  3. staying of water in a low place (as after rain)
    Synonym: pamamahay
Derived terms
  • haligi ng tahanan
  • ilaw ng tahanan
  • itahan
  • magpatahan
  • makapagpatahan
  • manahan
  • matatahanan
  • pagtahan
  • pagtahan
  • panahanan
  • pananahanan
  • pantahanan
  • patahanan
  • patahanin
  • patahanin
  • tahanan
  • tumahan

References
  • Robert Blust; Stephen Trussel (2010-) Austronesian Comparative Dictionary‎
  • Robert Blust; Stephen Trussel (2010-) Austronesian Comparative Dictionary‎

Tetum

Noun

tahan

  1. flap
  2. leaf
  3. page
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