thatha

Northern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́t-ata.

Verb

-thátha

  1. to take

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Southern Ndebele

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́t-ata.

Verb

-thátha

  1. to take
  2. to marry

Inflection

This entry needs an inflection-table template.

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́t-ata.

Verb

-thátha

  1. to take

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-jɪ́t-ata. The proposed semantic change is from "choose" (see -tha) to "take".

Verb

-thátha

  1. to take, receive, lay hold of
  2. to begin, commence
  3. to keep
  4. to marry, take a wife

Inflection
Tone H
Infinitive ukuthatha
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukuthatha ukungathathi
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular thatha -thathe
Plural thathani -thatheni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyathatha, ngithatha engithathayo, engithatha ngithatha angithathi engingathathi ngingathathi
2nd singular uyathatha, uthatha othathayo, othatha uthatha awuthathi ongathathi ungathathi
1st plural siyathatha, sithatha esithathayo, esithatha sithatha asithathi esingathathi singathathi
2nd plural niyathatha, nithatha enithathayo, enithatha nithatha anithathi eningathathi ningathathi
Class 1 uyathatha, uthatha othathayo, othatha ethatha akathathi ongathathi engathathi
Class 2 bayathatha, bathatha abathathayo, abathatha bethatha abathathi abangathathi bengathathi
Class 3 uyathatha, uthatha othathayo, othatha uthatha awuthathi ongathathi ungathathi
Class 4 iyathatha, ithatha ethathayo, ethatha ithatha ayithathi engathathi ingathathi
Class 5 liyathatha, lithatha elithathayo, elithatha lithatha alithathi elingathathi lingathathi
Class 6 ayathatha, athatha athathayo, athatha ethatha awathathi angathathi engathathi
Class 7 siyathatha, sithatha esithathayo, esithatha sithatha asithathi esingathathi singathathi
Class 8 ziyathatha, zithatha ezithathayo, ezithatha zithatha azithathi ezingathathi zingathathi
Class 9 iyathatha, ithatha ethathayo, ethatha ithatha ayithathi engathathi ingathathi
Class 10 ziyathatha, zithatha ezithathayo, ezithatha zithatha azithathi ezingathathi zingathathi
Class 11 luyathatha, luthatha oluthathayo, oluthatha luthatha aluthathi olungathathi lungathathi
Class 14 buyathatha, buthatha obuthathayo, obuthatha buthatha abuthathi obungathathi bungathathi
Class 15 kuyathatha, kuthatha okuthathayo, okuthatha kuthatha akuthathi okungathathi kungathathi
Class 17 kuyathatha, kuthatha okuthathayo, okuthatha kuthatha akuthathi okungathathi kungathathi
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngithathile, ngithathē engithathile, engithathē ngithathile, ngithathē angithathanga engingathathanga ngingathathanga
2nd singular uthathile, uthathē othathile, othathē uthathile, uthathē awuthathanga ongathathanga ungathathanga
1st plural sithathile, sithathē esithathile, esithathē sithathile, sithathē asithathanga esingathathanga singathathanga
2nd plural nithathile, nithathē enithathile, enithathē nithathile, nithathē anithathanga eningathathanga ningathathanga
Class 1 uthathile, uthathē othathile, othathē ethathile, ethathē akathathanga ongathathanga engathathanga
Class 2 bathathile, bathathē abathathile, abathathē bethathile, bethathē abathathanga abangathathanga bengathathanga
Class 3 uthathile, uthathē othathile, othathē uthathile, uthathē awuthathanga ongathathanga ungathathanga
Class 4 ithathile, ithathē ethathile, ethathē ithathile, ithathē ayithathanga engathathanga ingathathanga
Class 5 lithathile, lithathē elithathile, elithathē lithathile, lithathē alithathanga elingathathanga lingathathanga
Class 6 athathile, athathē athathile, athathē ethathile, ethathē awathathanga angathathanga engathathanga
Class 7 sithathile, sithathē esithathile, esithathē sithathile, sithathē asithathanga esingathathanga singathathanga
Class 8 zithathile, zithathē ezithathile, ezithathē zithathile, zithathē azithathanga ezingathathanga zingathathanga
Class 9 ithathile, ithathē ethathile, ethathē ithathile, ithathē ayithathanga engathathanga ingathathanga
Class 10 zithathile, zithathē ezithathile, ezithathē zithathile, zithathē azithathanga ezingathathanga zingathathanga
Class 11 luthathile, luthathē oluthathile, oluthathē luthathile, luthathē aluthathanga olungathathanga lungathathanga
Class 14 buthathile, buthathē obuthathile, obuthathē buthathile, buthathē abuthathanga obungathathanga bungathathanga
Class 15 kuthathile, kuthathē okuthathile, okuthathē kuthathile, kuthathē akuthathanga okungathathanga kungathathanga
Class 17 kuthathile, kuthathē okuthathile, okuthathē kuthathile, kuthathē akuthathanga okungathathanga kungathathanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāthatha engāthatha ngāthatha angithathanga engingathathanga ngingathathanga
2nd singular wāthatha owāthatha wāthatha awuthathanga ongathathanga ungathathanga
1st plural sāthatha esāthatha sāthatha asithathanga esingathathanga singathathanga
2nd plural nāthatha enāthatha nāthatha anithathanga eningathathanga ningathathanga
Class 1 wāthatha owāthatha āthatha akathathanga ongathathanga engathathanga
Class 2 bāthatha abāthatha bāthatha abathathanga abangathathanga bengathathanga
Class 3 wāthatha owāthatha wāthatha awuthathanga ongathathanga ungathathanga
Class 4 yāthatha eyāthatha yāthatha ayithathanga engathathanga ingathathanga
Class 5 lāthatha elāthatha lāthatha alithathanga elingathathanga lingathathanga
Class 6 āthatha āthatha āthatha awathathanga angathathanga engathathanga
Class 7 sāthatha esāthatha sāthatha asithathanga esingathathanga singathathanga
Class 8 zāthatha ezāthatha zāthatha azithathanga ezingathathanga zingathathanga
Class 9 yāthatha eyāthatha yāthatha ayithathanga engathathanga ingathathanga
Class 10 zāthatha ezāthatha zāthatha azithathanga ezingathathanga zingathathanga
Class 11 lwāthatha olwāthatha lwāthatha aluthathanga olungathathanga lungathathanga
Class 14 bāthatha obāthatha bāthatha abuthathanga obungathathanga bungathathanga
Class 15 kwāthatha okwāthatha kwāthatha akuthathanga okungathathanga kungathathanga
Class 17 kwāthatha okwāthatha kwāthatha akuthathanga okungathathanga kungathathanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingathatha — ngingathatha ngingethathe — ngingethathe
2nd singular ungathatha — ungathatha ungethathe — ungethathe
1st plural singathatha — singathatha singethathe — singethathe
2nd plural ningathatha — ningathatha ningethathe — ningethathe
Class 1 angathatha — engathatha angethathe — engethathe
Class 2 bangathatha — bengathatha bangethathe — bengethathe
Class 3 ungathatha — ungathatha ungethathe — ungethathe
Class 4 ingathatha — ingathatha ingethathe — ingethathe
Class 5 lingathatha — lingathatha lingethathe — lingethathe
Class 6 angathatha — engathatha angethathe — engethathe
Class 7 singathatha — singathatha singethathe — singethathe
Class 8 zingathatha — zingathatha zingethathe — zingethathe
Class 9 ingathatha — ingathatha ingethathe — ingethathe
Class 10 zingathatha — zingathatha zingethathe — zingethathe
Class 11 lungathatha — lungathatha lungethathe — lungethathe
Class 14 bungathatha — bungathatha bungethathe — bungethathe
Class 15 kungathatha — kungathatha kungethathe — kungethathe
Class 17 kungathatha — kungathatha kungethathe — kungethathe
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizothatha engizothatha ngizothatha angizuthatha engingezuthatha ngingezuthatha
2nd singular uzothatha ozothatha uzothatha awuzuthatha ongezuthatha ungezuthatha
1st plural sizothatha esizothatha sizothatha asizuthatha esingezuthatha singezuthatha
2nd plural nizothatha enizothatha nizothatha anizuthatha eningezuthatha ningezuthatha
Class 1 uzothatha ozothatha ezothatha akazuthatha ongezuthatha engezuthatha
Class 2 bazothatha abazothatha bezothatha abazuthatha abangezuthatha bengezuthatha
Class 3 uzothatha ozothatha uzothatha awuzuthatha ongezuthatha ungezuthatha
Class 4 izothatha ezothatha izothatha ayizuthatha engezuthatha ingezuthatha
Class 5 lizothatha elizothatha lizothatha alizuthatha elingezuthatha lingezuthatha
Class 6 azothatha azothatha ezothatha awazuthatha angezuthatha engezuthatha
Class 7 sizothatha esizothatha sizothatha asizuthatha esingezuthatha singezuthatha
Class 8 zizothatha ezizothatha zizothatha azizuthatha ezingezuthatha zingezuthatha
Class 9 izothatha ezothatha izothatha ayizuthatha engezuthatha ingezuthatha
Class 10 zizothatha ezizothatha zizothatha azizuthatha ezingezuthatha zingezuthatha
Class 11 luzothatha oluzothatha luzothatha aluzuthatha olungezuthatha lungezuthatha
Class 14 buzothatha obuzothatha buzothatha abuzuthatha obungezuthatha bungezuthatha
Class 15 kuzothatha okuzothatha kuzothatha akuzuthatha okungezuthatha kungezuthatha
Class 17 kuzothatha okuzothatha kuzothatha akuzuthatha okungezuthatha kungezuthatha
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyothatha engiyothatha ngiyothatha angiyuthatha engingeyuthatha ngingeyuthatha
2nd singular uyothatha oyothatha uyothatha awuyuthatha ongeyuthatha ungeyuthatha
1st plural siyothatha esiyothatha siyothatha asiyuthatha esingeyuthatha singeyuthatha
2nd plural niyothatha eniyothatha niyothatha aniyuthatha eningeyuthatha ningeyuthatha
Class 1 uyothatha oyothatha eyothatha akayuthatha ongeyuthatha engeyuthatha
Class 2 bayothatha abayothatha beyothatha abayuthatha abangeyuthatha bengeyuthatha
Class 3 uyothatha oyothatha uyothatha awuyuthatha ongeyuthatha ungeyuthatha
Class 4 iyothatha eyothatha iyothatha ayiyuthatha engeyuthatha ingeyuthatha
Class 5 liyothatha eliyothatha liyothatha aliyuthatha elingeyuthatha lingeyuthatha
Class 6 ayothatha ayothatha eyothatha awayuthatha angeyuthatha engeyuthatha
Class 7 siyothatha esiyothatha siyothatha asiyuthatha esingeyuthatha singeyuthatha
Class 8 ziyothatha eziyothatha ziyothatha aziyuthatha ezingeyuthatha zingeyuthatha
Class 9 iyothatha eyothatha iyothatha ayiyuthatha engeyuthatha ingeyuthatha
Class 10 ziyothatha eziyothatha ziyothatha aziyuthatha ezingeyuthatha zingeyuthatha
Class 11 luyothatha oluyothatha luyothatha aluyuthatha olungeyuthatha lungeyuthatha
Class 14 buyothatha obuyothatha buyothatha abuyuthatha obungeyuthatha bungeyuthatha
Class 15 kuyothatha okuyothatha kuyothatha akuyuthatha okungeyuthatha kungeyuthatha
Class 17 kuyothatha okuyothatha kuyothatha akuyuthatha okungeyuthatha kungeyuthatha
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngithathe ngingathathi
2nd singular uthathe ungathathi
1st plural sithathe singathathi
2nd plural nithathe ningathathi
Class 1 athathe angathathi
Class 2 bathathe bangathathi
Class 3 uthathe ungathathi
Class 4 ithathe ingathathi
Class 5 lithathe lingathathi
Class 6 athathe angathathi
Class 7 sithathe singathathi
Class 8 zithathe zingathathi
Class 9 ithathe ingathathi
Class 10 zithathe zingathathi
Class 11 luthathe lungathathi
Class 14 buthathe bungathathi
Class 15 kuthathe kungathathi
Class 17 kuthathe kungathathi
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngathatha ngangathatha, angathatha, angangathatha
2nd singular wathatha wangathatha, awathatha, awangathatha
1st plural sathatha sangathatha, asathatha, asangathatha
2nd plural nathatha nangathatha, anathatha, anangathatha
Class 1 wathatha wangathatha, akathatha, akangathatha
Class 2 bathatha bangathatha, abathatha, abangathatha
Class 3 wathatha wangathatha, awathatha, awangathatha
Class 4 yathatha yangathatha, ayathatha, ayangathatha
Class 5 lathatha langathatha, alathatha, alangathatha
Class 6 athatha angathatha, awathatha, awangathatha
Class 7 sathatha sangathatha, asathatha, asangathatha
Class 8 zathatha zangathatha, azathatha, azangathatha
Class 9 yathatha yangathatha, ayathatha, ayangathatha
Class 10 zathatha zangathatha, azathatha, azangathatha
Class 11 lwathatha lwangathatha, alwathatha, alwangathatha
Class 14 bathatha bangathatha, abathatha, abangathatha
Class 15 kwathatha kwangathatha, akwathatha, akwangathatha
Class 17 kwathatha kwangathatha, akwathatha, akwangathatha

References
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