thurven

Middle English

Alternative forms
  • thurfen, þurfen, durfen

Etymology

From Old English þurfan, from Proto-Germanic *þurbaną.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈθurvən/

Verb

thurven

  1. (auxiliary) To need to, to be required to
  2. To need, to require, to neccesitate.
  3. (auxiliary) To have to, to be obligated to, to ought to
  4. (auxiliary) To be capable of, to be willing to

Usage notes

This verb is frequently conflated with durren due to its similarity with that verb.

Conjugation
Conjugation of thurven (preterite-present)
infinitive (to) thurven
indicative present past
1st person singular thare, tharf, þarf thurft, thurt, thurst
2nd person singular thare, tharf, þarf, þarst thurft, thurt, thurst, *thurtest
3rd person singular thare, tharf, þarf thurft, thurt, thurst
plural thare, thurven, thurve thurft, thurt, thurten
subjunctive present past
singular tharve, thurve, þurve *tharve, *þarve
plural *thurve(n), þurve(n) *tharve(n), *þarve(n)
imperative present
singular -
plural -
participle present past
*thurving(e), *thurvende *thurve, *thurved

Descendants

References
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