wsḫ

See also: WSH

Egyptian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Sometimes hypothesized to be from a form such as Proto-Afroasiatic *wsɣ; compare Arabic وَسُعَ‎ (wasuʕa, “to be wide”), Arabic وَسِعَ‎ (wasiʕa, “to be wide”).[1]

Verb
wsx
W10

 3-lit.

  1. (intransitive) to be(come) broad, to be(come) wide
    • c. 1900 BCE, The Instructions of Kagemni (pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.1–1.2:
      wnn
      O31      		 aXn
      n      		 S28ngrwA2A1
      wz
      x      		 W10Y1sttprn
      t      		 hrY1A1mmddwwA2
      wn ẖn n grw wsḫ st nt hr m mdww
      Open is the tent to the quiet one; broad is the place of the one calm in speech.
Inflection
Conjugation of wsḫ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: wsḫ, geminated stem: wsḫḫ
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
wsḫ
 wsḫw, wsḫ
 wsḫt
 wsḫ
 wsḫ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
wsḫ
 ḥr wsḫ
 m wsḫ
 r wsḫ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect wsḫ.n
 consecutive wsḫ.jn
terminative wsḫt
perfective3 wsḫ
 obligative1 wsḫ.ḫr
imperfective wsḫ
prospective3 wsḫ
 potentialis1 wsḫ.kꜣ
subjunctive wsḫ
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect wsḫ.n
 — —
perfective wsḫ
 wsḫ
 wsḫ, wsḫw5, wsḫy5
imperfective wsḫ, wsḫy, wsḫw5
 wsḫ, wsḫj6, wsḫy6
 wsḫ, wsḫw5
prospective wsḫ, wsḫtj7
 wsḫtj4, wsḫt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of wsḫ  
wz
x		 W10
Y1
Wsx W10
Y1
W10
Y1
wsḫ wsḫ wsḫ
Derived terms

Adjective
wsx
W10
  1. perfective active participle of wsḫ; broad, wide
  2. imperfective active participle of wsḫ; broad, wide
Inflection
Declension of wsḫ (perfective active participle)
masculine feminine
singular wsḫ
 wsḫt
dual wsḫwj
 wsḫtj
plural wsḫw
 wsḫwt1, wsḫt2
  1. Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun.
  2. From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural.
    In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.
Declension of wsḫ (imperfective active participle)
masculine feminine
singular wsḫ, wsḫj, wsḫy
 wsḫt
dual wsḫwj, wsḫjwj, wsḫywj
 wsḫtj
plural wsḫw, wsḫjw, wsḫyw
 wsḫwt1, wsḫt2
  1. Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun.
  2. From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural.
    In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.
Alternative forms

See under the verb above.

Noun
wsx
W10

 m

  1. breadth, width
Inflection
Declension of wsḫ (masculine)
singular wsḫ
dual wsḫwj
plural wsḫw
Alternative forms

See under the verb above.

Noun
Wsx
W10		 P1

 m

  1. barge
Inflection
Declension of wsḫ (masculine)
singular wsḫ
dual wsḫwj
plural wsḫw

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, 125, 135 page 83, 125, 135.
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 112
  1. Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 35
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