List of former national anthems
Below is a list of various national anthems which, at some point in time, were the de jure or de facto anthems of various contemporary or historical states.
List
| State | National anthem title in local language(s) |
English translation of title | Period | Lyrics writer(s) | Music composer(s) | Audio | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Afghanistan |
"Shahy Slam" | "National Anthem" | 1926–1943 | None (instrumental) | Unknown | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Afghanistan |
"Schahe ghajur-o-mehrabane ma" | "Our Brave And Noble King" | 1943–1973 | Mohammed Makhtar | Mohammed Farukh | [1] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Afghanistan |
"Tso če dā źməka asmān wī"[trans 1] | "So Long as There is Earth and Heaven" | 1973–1978 | Abdul Rauf Benawa | Abdul Ghafoor Breshna | [1] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Afghanistan |
"Garam shah lā garam shah"[trans 2] | "Be Ardent, Be More Ardent" | 1978–1992 | Suleiman Laeq | Jalīl Ghahlānd | [note 1] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Afghanistan |
"Soroud-e-Melli"[trans 3] | "National Anthem"[2] | 1992–1999 2002–2006 |
Daoud Farani | Ustad Qasim | [note 2] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Afghanistan |
"Soroud-e-Melli" | "National Anthem" | 2006–2021 | Abdul Bari Jahani | Babrak Wassa | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Armenian SSR |
"Haykakan SSH orhnerg"[trans 4] | "Anthem of the Armenian SSR" | 1944–1991 | Sarmen | Aram Khachaturian | — | ||
 Austria |
"Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser" | "God Save Emperor Francis" | 1797–1835 1848–1854 |
Lorenz Leopold Haschka | Joseph Haydn | [note 3] | ||
| Austria |
"Segen Öst'reichs hohem Sohne" | "Blessings to Austria's high son" | 1835–1848 | Joseph Christian von Zedlitz | Joseph Haydn | [note 4] | ||
| Austria |
"Volkshymne" | "People's Hymn" | 1854–1867 | Johann Gabriel Seidl | Joseph Haydn | [note 5] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Austria-Hungary |
"Volkshymne" | "People's Hymn" | 1867–1918 | Johann Gabriel Seidl | Joseph Haydn | [note 6] | ||
 Austria |
"Deutschösterreich, du herrliches Land" | "German Austria, you wonderful country" | 1920–1929 (de facto) |
Karl Renner | Wilhelm Kienzl | — | — | |
| Austria |
"Sei gesegnet ohne Ende" | "Be Blessed Without End" | 1929–1938 | Ottokar Kernstock | Joseph Haydn | [note 7] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Azerbaijan SSR |
"Azərbaycan Sovet Sosialist Respublikasının Himni"[trans 5] | "Anthem of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic" | 1945–1991 | Suleyman Rustam Samad Vurgun Huseyn Arif |
Uzeyir Hajibeyov | — | ||
 Azerbaijan |
"Azərbaycan Sovet Sosialist Respublikasının Himni" | "Anthem of the Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic" | 1991–1992 | Suleyman Rustam Samad Vurgun Huseyn Arif |
Uzeyir Hajibeyov | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Grand Duchy of Baden |
"Badnerlied" | "Song of Baden" | 1865–1871 | Unknown | Unknown | — | [note 8] | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Bavaria |
"Bayernhymne" | "Hymn of Bavaria" | 1806–1871 | Michael Öchsner | Max Kunz | [note 8] | ||
 Biafra |
"Land of the Rising Sun" | 1967–1970 | Unknown | Jean Sibelius | — | |||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Bophuthatswana (Bantustan) |
"Lefatshe leno la bo-rrarona" | "This Land of Our Forefathers" | 1976–1994 | J. M. Ntsime | E. B. Mathibe J. J. Loots |
— | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Bosnia and Herzegovina |
"Jedna si jedina" | "You are the One and Only" | 1992–1999 | Edin Dervišhalidović | Unknown, arranged by Edin Dervišhalidović | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Brazil |
"Hino da Independência" | "Hymn of Independence" | 1822–1831 | Evaristo da Veiga | Pedro I of Brazil | — | ||
| Brazil |
"Hino Nacional Brasileiro" | "Brazilian National Anthem" | 1831–1889 | Joaquim Osório Duque Estrada | Francisco Manuel da Silva | [note 9] | ||
 Bulgaria |
"Shumi Maritsa"[trans 6] | "Maritsa Rushes" | 1886–1944 | Nikola Zhivkov | Ivan Vazov | [note 10] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Bulgaria |
"Republiko nasha, zdravey!"[trans 8] | "Hail to our Republic!" | 1944–1950 | Krum Penev | Georgi Dimitrov | — | ||
| Bulgaria |
"Balgariyo mila"[trans 9] | "Dear Bulgaria" | 1950–1964 | Nikola Furnadshiev Mladen Issaev Elisaveta Bagrjana |
Georgi Dimitrov Georgi Zlatev-Tscherkin Svetoslav Obretenov |
— | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Burma Empire |
"Cam Ra Taung Kyun: Lium: Su."[trans 10] | "The Whole of Residential Southern Island is His" | 1805–1885 | Myawaddy Mingyi U Sa | Myawaddy Mingyi U Sa | — | — | |
 State of Burma |
"Diu. Ba.ma Sihkyang:"[trans 11] | "Our Burma Song"/ "We Burman Song" | 1943–1945 | Thakin Ba Thaung and YMB Saya Tin | YMB Saya Tin | [note 11] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Byelorussian SSR |
"Dzyarzhauny himn BSSR"[trans 12] | "State Hymn of the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic" | 1952–1991 | Nestar Sakalowski | Mihas' Klimovich | — | ||
 Cambodia |
"Damnoer Satharonarodth Khmer"[trans 13] | "March of the Khmer Republic" | 1970–1975 | Khieu Chum | Khieu Chum | — | — | |
 Cambodia |
"Dap Prampi Mesa Chokchey"[trans 14] | "Glorious Seventeenth of April" | 1976–1993 | Unknown | Unknown | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Canada |
"The Maple Leaf Forever" | 1867-1980 (de facto) |
Alexander Muir | Alexander Muir | — | |||
 Cape Verde |
"Esta É a Nossa Pátria Bem Amada" | "This Is Our Beloved Country" | 1975–1996 | Amílcar Cabral | Xiao He | [note 12] | ||
 Federal Republic of Central America |
"La Granadera" | "The Grenadier" | 1823–1839 | Rómulo Durón | Unknown | — | ||
 Chile |
"Canción Nacional Chilena" | "Chilean National Song" | 1819–1847 | Bernardo de Vera y Pintado | Manuel Robles Gutiérrez | — | — | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} China |
"Li Zhong Tan Yue"[trans 15] | "Tune of Li Zhongtang" | 1896–1906 | Li Hongzhang | Li Hongzhang | — | — | |
| China |
"Song Long Qi"[trans 16] | "Praise the Dragon Flag" | 1906–1911 | "Collective" | "Collective" | — | — | |
| China |
"Gong Jin'ou"[trans 17] | "Cup of Solid Gold" | 1911–1912 | Yan Fu | Bo Tong | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} China |
"Zhōngguó xióng lì yǔzhòujiān"[trans 18] | "China Heroically Stands in the Universe" | 1915–1921 | Yin Chang | Wang Lu | — | ||
| China |
"Qing yun gē"[trans 19] | "The Song to the Auspicious Cloud" | 1913–1915 1921–1928 |
Zhang Taiyan | Xiao Youmei | — | ||
 China |
"Guómín gémìng gē"[trans 20] | "Revolution of the Citizens" | 1926–1928 | Liao Qianwu | Traditional | — | — | |
| China |
"Zhōnghuá Mínguó guógē"[trans 21] | "National Anthem of the Republic of China" | 1928–1949 | Yat-sen Sun | Maoyun Cheng | [note 13] | ||
 Chinese Soviet Republic |
"Guójìgē"[trans 22] | "The Internationale" | 1931–1937 | Qu Qiubai | Pierre De Geyter | [4] | ||
 Ciskei(Bantustan) |
"Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika" | "Lord Bless Africa" | 1976–1994 | Enoch Sontonga | Enoch Sontonga and Joseph Parry | — | ||
 Colombia |
"Marcha Libertadora" | "Liberating March" | 1819–1830 | Unknown | Unknown | — | — | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Comoros |
"Wungwana Ngasi Nuwo" | "We have the Freedom" | 1975–1978 | Unknown | Unknown | — | — | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Confederate States |
"God Save the South" | 1861–1865 (de facto) |
George Henry Miles | Charles Ellerbrock | [note 14] | |||
 People's Republic of Congo |
"Les Trois Glorieuses" | "The Three Glorious Days" | 1969–1991 | Henri Lopès | Philippe Mockouamy | — | ||
 Corsican Republic |
"Dio vi Salvi Regina" | "God Save Thee Queen" | 1755–1769 (de facto) |
Francis de Geronimo | Francis de Geronimo | — | — | |
| Kingdom of Corsica |
"Dio vi Salvi Regina" | "God Save Thee Queen" | 1794–1796 | Francis de Geronimo | Francis de Geronimo | — | — | |
 Czechoslovakia |
"Kde domov můj" "Nad Tatrou sa blýska" |
"Where is my home?" and "Lightning over the Tatras" | 1918–1939 1945–1993 |
Josef Kajetán Tyl Janko Matúška |
František Škroup Unknown |
[note 15] | ||
 Danzig |
"Für Danzig" | "For Danzig [Gdańsk]" | 1920–1939 | Paul Enderling | Georg Göhler | — | ||
 Don Republic |
"Гимн донских казаков" | "Anthem of the Don Cossacks]" | 1919–1921 | Фёдор Иванович Анисимов | Фёдор Иванович Анисимов | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Egypt |
"Eslami ya Misr"[trans 23] | "Be Safe Oh Egypt" | 1923–1936 | Mostafa Saadeq Al-Rafe'ie | Safar Ali | [7] | ||
 Egypt |
"Salam Affandina"[8] | "Peace be upon you" | 1871–1922 1936–1958 |
Giuseppe Pugioli | [9] | |||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Egypt |
"Yssalam Aljumhuriu Almisri"[10] | "Egyptian Republican Anthem" | 1953–1958 | Giuseppe Pugioli | [9] | |||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Egypt |
"Walla Zaman Ya Selahy"[trans 24] | "Oh For Ages! My Weapon!" | 1971–1979 | Salah Jahin | Kamal Al Taweel | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Estonian SSR |
"Eesti Nõukogude Sotsialistliku Vabariigi hümn" | "Anthem of the Estonian Soviet Socialist Republic" | 1945–1990 | Johannes Semper | Gustav Ernesaks | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Ethiopia |
"Ityopp'ya Hoy Dess Yibelish"[trans 25] | "Ethiopia Be Happy" | 1930–1975 | "Collective" | Kevork Nalbandyan | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Ethiopia |
"Ityopp'ya, Ityopp'ya, Ityopp'ya qida mi"[trans 26] | "Ethiopia, Ethiopia, Ethiopia Be First" | 1975–1992 | Assefa Gebre-Mariam Tessama | Daniel Yohannes Haggos | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} France |
"Chant du départ" | "Song of the Departure" | 1799–1815 | Marie-Joseph Chénier | Étienne Nicolas Méhul | [note 16] | ||
 France |
"Le Retour des Princes français à Paris" | "The Return of the French Princes to Paris" | 1814–1815 1815–1830 |
Unknown | François-Henri Castil-Blaze | — | ||
| France |
"La Parisienne" | "The Parisian" | 1830–1848 | Casimir Delavigne | Daniel Auber | — | ||
| France |
"Le Chant des Girondins" | "The Song of Girondists" | 1848–1852 | Alexandre Dumas Auguste Maquet Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle |
Alphonse Varney | — | ||
| France |
"Partant pour la Syrie" | "Departing for Syria" | 1852–1870 | Alexandre de Laborde | Hortense de Beauharnais | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Georgian SSR |
"Sakartvelos sabch'ota socialist'uri resp'ublikas sakhelmts'ipo himni"[trans 27] | "State Anthem of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic" | 1946–1990 | Grigol Abashidze Alexander Abasheli |
Otar Taktakishvili | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Georgia |
"Dideba"[trans 28] | "Praise" | 1918–1920 1990–2004 |
Kote Potskhverashvili | Kote Potskhverashvili | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Germany |
"Heil dir im Siegerkranz" | "Hail to Thee in Victor's Crown" | 1871–1918 | Heinrich Harries | Unknown | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Germany |
"Das Lied der Deutschen" | "The Song of the Germans" | 1922–1933 | August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben | Joseph Haydn | [note 17] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Germany |
"Das Lied der Deutschen" | "The Song of the Germans" | 1933–1945 | August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben | Joseph Haydn | [note 18] | ||
 West Germany |
"Ich hab' mich ergeben" | "I have given myself" | 1949–1952 | Hans Ferdinand Maßmann | August Daniel von Binzer | [note 19] | ||
| West Germany |
"Das Lied der Deutschen" | "The Song of the Germans" | 1952–1990 | August Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben | Joseph Haydn | [note 20] | ||
| East Germany |
"Auferstanden aus Ruinen" | "Arisen from Ruins" | 1949–1990 | Johannes R. Becher | Hanns Eisler | — | ||
 Guatemala |
"La Granadera" | "The Grenadier" | 1847–1879 | Rómulo Durón | Unknown | — | ||
| Guatemala |
"Himno Popular de Guatemala" | "People's Anthem of Guatemala" | 1879–1896 | Ramón Molina | Rafael Álvarez Ovalle | — | — | |
 Grenada |
"Grenada National State Anthem" | 1967–1974 | " Rolstan Percival Jawahir Adams" | "John George Fletcher" | — | — | ||
 Haiti |
"Quand nos Aïeux brisèrent leurs entraves" | "When our ancestors broke their chains" | 1893–1904 | Oswald Durand | Unknown | — | — | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Hawaii |
"God Save the King" | 1810–1860 | Unknown | Unknown | — | |||
| Hawaii |
"E Ola Ke Alii Ke Akua" | "God Save the King" | 1860–1866 | Lunalilo | Unknown | — | ||
| Hawaii |
"He Mele Lahui Hawaii" | "The Song of the Hawaiian Nation" | 1866–1876 | Liliuokalani | Unknown | — | — | |
| Hawaii |
"Hawaiʻi Ponoʻī" | "Hawaii's Own True Sons" | 1876–1893 | Kalakaua | Henri Berger | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Hong Kong |
"Tin Jau Neoi Wong"[trans 29] | "God Save the Queen" | 1841–1941 1945–1997 |
Unknown | Unknown | — | ||
 Honduras |
"La Granadera" | "The Grenadier" | ca. 1838–1915 | Rómulo Durón | Unknown | — | ||
| Honduras |
"Dios Salve a Honduras" | "God Save Honduras" | ca. 1890–1915 | None (instrumental) | "Laurcano Campos" | — | — | |
 Hungary |
"Internacionálé" | "The Internationale" | 1919 | Eugène Pottier Ernő Bresztovszky (translation) |
Pierre De Geyter | — | — | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Persia |
"Salām-e Shāh"[trans 30] | "Royal Salute" | 1873–1909 | None (instrumental) | Alfred Jean Baptiste Lemaire | — | ||
| Persia |
"Salāmati-ye Dowlat-e 'Aliyye-ye Irān"[trans 31] | "Salute of Sublime State of Persia" | 1909–1933 | Unknown | Gholam-Reza Minbashian | — | ||
| Iran |
"Sorude Melli"[trans 32] | "National Anthem" | 1933–1979 | Mohammad-Hashem Afsar | Davud Najmi Moghaddam | [note 21] | ||
 Iran |
"Ey Iran"[trans 33] | "Oh Iran" | 1979–1980 | Hossein Gol-e-Golab | Ruhollah Khaleghi | — | ||
 Iran |
"Payandeh Bada Iran"[trans 34] | "A Lasting Iran" | 1980–1990 | Abolghasem Halat | Mohammad Beglary-Pour | — | — | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Iraq |
"As-Salam al-Malaki" | "Peace to the King" | 1924–1958 | None (instrumental) | A. Chaffon | [note 22] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Iraq |
"Walla Zaman Ya Selahy"[11] | "Oh For Ages! My Weapon!"[12] | 1965–1981[12] | Salah Jahin[lower-alpha 1] | Kamal Al Taweel[12] | [note 23] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Iraq |
"Mawtini"[12] | "My Country"[12] | 1958–1965, 2003–2004[12] | None (instrumental)[13] | L. Zanbaka[12] | [note 24] | ||
| Iraq |
"Ardulfurataini"[trans 35] | "The Land of the Euphrates" | 1981–2003 | Shafiq Alkamali | Walid Georges Gholmieh | — | ||
 Ireland |
"Let Erin Remember"[14] | 1924–1926 | Unknown | Unknown | — | [note 25] | ||
_crowned.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Italy |
"Marcia Reale d'Ordinanza" | "Royal March of Ordinance" | 1861–1946 | Unknown | Giuseppe Gabetti | — | ||
 Italian Social Republic |
"Giovinezza"[15] "Il Canto degli Italiani" |
"Youth" "The Song of the Italians" |
1943–1945 (de facto) | Nino Oxilia Goffredo Mameli |
Salvatore Gotta Michele Novaro |
[note 26] | ||
 Katanga |
"La Katangaise" | "The Katangan" | 1960–1963 | Unknown | Joseph Kiwele | — | ||
 Kazakh SSR |
"Qazaq Sovettik Socïalïstik Respwblïkasınıñ memlekettik änuranı"[trans 36] | "Anthem of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic" | 1945–1992 | Abdilda Tazhibaev Sydyk Mukhamedzhanov Gabit Musirepov |
Mukan Tulebayev Yevgeny Brusilovsky Latif Khamidi | [note 27] | ||
 Kazakhstan |
"Qazaqstan Respwblïkasınıñ memlekettik änuranı"[trans 37] | "Anthem of the Republic of Kazakhstan" | 1992–2006 | Muzafar Alimbayev Kadyr Myrzaliyev Tumanbai Moldigaliyev Zhadyra Daribayeva | Mukan Tulebayev Yevgeny Brusilovsky Latif Khamidi | — | ||
 Kirghiz SSR |
"Kyrgyz SSR Mamlekettik Gimni"[trans 38] | "Anthem of the Kirghiz SSR" | 1936–1991 | K. Malikov T. Sydykbekov M. Tokobaev A. Tokombaev. |
Vladimir Vlasov Abdylas Maldybaev Vladimir Fere |
— | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Korea |
"Daehan jeguk aegukga"[trans 39] | "Patriotic song of the Great Korean Empire" | 1902–1910 | Unknown | Franz Eckert | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Korea |
"Kimigayo" | "His Imperial Majesty's Reign" | 1910–1945 | Unknown | Franz Eckert | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} South Korea |
"Aegukga" | "Patriotic Song" | 1945–1948 | Unknown | Unknown | [note 28] | ||
 Kuwait |
"As-salām al-amīrī"[trans 40] | "Amiri Salute" | 1951–1978 | None (instrumental) | Yusuf Adees | — | [note 29] | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Laos |
"Pheng Xat Lao"[trans 41] | "Anthem of the Lao people" | 1951–1975 | Maha Phoumi | Thongdy Sounthonevichit | — | [note 30] | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Latvian SSR |
"Latvijas Padomju Sociālistiskās Republikas himna" | "Anthem of the Latvian Soviet Socialist Republic" | 1945–1990 | Fricis Rokpelnis Jūlijs Vanags |
Anatols Liepiņš | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Libya |
"Lībīya, Lībīya, Lībīya"[trans 42] | "Libya, Libya, Libya" | 1951–1969 | Al Bashir Al Arebi | Mohammed Abdel Wahab | — | [note 31] | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Libya |
"Walla Zaman Ya Selahy"[trans 24] | "Oh My Weapon" | 1969–1972 | Salah Jahin | Kamal Al Taweel | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Libya |
"Allahu Akbar"[trans 43] | "God is Greatest" | 1972–2011 | Mahmood El-Sharif | Abdalla Shams El-Din | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Lithuanian SSR |
"Lietuvos Tarybų Socialistinės Respublikos himnas" | "Anthem of the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic" | 1950–1988 | Antanas Venclova | Balys Dvarionas Jonas Švedas |
— | ||
 Macau |
"A Portuguesa" | "The Portuguese" | 1910–1999 | Henrique Lopes de Mendonça | Alfredo Keil | [note 32] | ||
 Mahabad |
"Ey Reqîb"[trans 44] | "Oh Enemy" | 1945–1947 | Dildar | Unknown | [note 33] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Mali Federation |
"Hymne du Mali" | "Anthem of Mali" | 1960 | Léopold Sédar Senghor | Banzumana Sissoko | — | — | |
 Marshall Islands |
"Ij Io̧kwe Ļo̧k Aelōn̄ Eo Aō" | "I Love the Islands" | 1986–1991 | Unknown | Samuel Langrine | — | — | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Mauritania |
"Nashid Wataniin Muritaniin"[trans 45] | "National Anthem of Mauritania" | 1960–2017 | Baba Ould Cheikh | Tolia Nikiprowetzky | — | ||
 Micronesia |
"Preamble" | 1979–1991 | Unknown | Unknown | — | — | ||
 Moldavian Democratic Republic |
"Deșteaptă-te, române!" | "Awaken thee, Romanian!" | 1917–1918 | Andrei Mureșanu | Anton Pann | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Moldavian SSR |
"Imnul de Stat al RSS Moldovenești" | "State Anthem of the Moldavian SSR" | 1945–1991 | Emilian Bukov Ivan Bodarev |
Ștefan Neaga Eduard Lazarev |
— | ||
 Moldova |
"Deșteaptă-te, române!" | "Awaken thee, Romanian!" | 1991–1994 | Andrei Mureșanu | Anton Pann | — | ||
 Mongolia |
"Zuun Langiin Joroo Luus"[trans 46] | 1911–1919, 1921–1924 | Unknown | Unknown | — | |||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Mongolian People's Republic |
"Mongol Internationale"[trans 47] | 1924–1950 | Unknown | Unknown | — | |||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Montenegro |
"Ubavoj nam Crnoj Gori"[trans 48] | "Our Beautiful Montenegro" | 1910–1918 | Jovan Sundečić | Jovo Ivanišević | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Mozambique |
"Viva, Viva a FRELIMO" | "Long Live FRELIMO" | 1975–2002 | Justino Sigaulane Chemane | Justino Sigaulane Chemane | — | ||
 Namibia |
"Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika" | "Lord Bless Africa" | 1990–1991 | Enoch Sontonga | Enoch Sontonga and Joseph Parry | — | ||
 Nepal |
"Shriman Gambhir"[trans 49] | "May Glory Crown Our Illustrious Sovereign" | 1899–2007 | Chakrapani Chalise | Bakhatbir Budhapirthi | — | ||
 Netherlands |
"Wien Neêrlands Bloed" | "Those in whom Dutch blood" | 1815–1932 | Hendrik Tollens | Johann Wilhelm Wilms | — | ||
 Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia) |
"Het Wilhelmus"[trans 50] | "The William / William of Nassau" | 1932–1943 | Philips of Marnix, or Dirck Coornhert or Petrus Dathenus | Adrianus Valerius | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Netherlands Antilles |
Anthem without a title | 2000–2010 | Zahira Hiliman Lucille Berry-Haseth |
Zahira Hiliman | — | |||
 Newfoundland |
"Ode to Newfoundland" | 1907–1949 | Cavendish Boyle | Hubert Parry | [note 34] | |||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Nicaragua |
"Nicaragua" | 1876–1889 | F. Alvarez | J. del Carmen Vega | — | [17] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Nicaragua |
"Marcha Roberto Sacasa" | "March of Roberto Sacasa" | 1889–1893 | None (instrumental) | Alejandro Cousin | — | [17] | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Nicaragua |
"Hermosa Soberana" | "Beautiful and Sovereign" | 1893–1910 | Unknown | Alejandro Cousin | — | [17] | |
 Niger |
"La Nigérienne" | "The Nigerien" | 1961–2023 | Maurice Albert Thiriet | Robert Jacquet Nicolas Abel François Frionnet |
— | — | |
 Nigeria |
"Nigeria We Hail Thee" | 1960–1978 | Lilian Jean Williams | Frances Benda | — | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Norway |
"Norges Skaal" | "Toast to Norway" | 1771–1819 | Johan Nordahl Brun | Unknown | — | ||
 Norway |
"Sønner av Norge" | "Sons of Norway" | 1820–c.1905 | Henrik Anker Bjerregaard | Christian Blom | — | — | |
 Oldenburg |
"Heil dir, o Oldenburg" | "Hail to thee, o Oldenburg" | 1844–1871 | Theodor von Kobbe | Cecilia, Grand Duchess of Oldenburg | — | [note 8] | |
 Orange Free State |
"Heft, Burgers, 't lied der vrijheid" | "Sing, Citizens, the song of Freedom" | 1854–1902 | H. A. L. Hamelberg | W. F. G. Nicolai | [18] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Ottoman Empire |
"Mahmudiye Marşı" | "March of Mahmud" | 1829–1839 1918–1922 |
None (instrumental) | Giuseppe Donizetti | [note 35] | ||
| Ottoman Empire |
"Mecidiye Marşı" | "March of Abdülmecid" | 1839–1861 | None (instrumental) | Giuseppe Donizetti | — | ||
| Ottoman Empire |
"Aziziye Marşı" | "March of Abdülaziz" | 1861–1876 | None (instrumental) | Callisto Guatelli | — | ||
| Ottoman Empire |
"Hamidiye Marşı" | "March of Abdulhamid" | 1876–1909 | Hacı Emin Bey | Necip Paşa | — | ||
| Ottoman Empire |
"Reşadiye Marşı" | "March of Mehmed Reşad" | 1909–1918 | Unknown | Italo Selvelli | — | ||
 Pakistan |
"Tarana-e-Pakistan"[trans 51] | "Anthem of Pakistan" | 1947–1950 | Jagannath Azad | Jagan Nath Azad | — | — | |
| Pakistan (East) |
"Pakistan Zindabad (Tarana-i-Pakistan)" | "Long Live Pakistan (Tarana of Pakistan)" | 1956–1971 | Golam Mostofa | Nazir Ahmed | — | — | |
 Palestine |
"Mawtini" | "My Homeland" | 1988–1996 | Ibrahim Tuqan | Mohammed Flayfel | — | — | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Papal States |
"Marcia trionfale" | "Triumphal March" | 1857–1870 | (instrumental only) | Viktorin Hallmayer | [note 36] | ||
 Philippines |
"Marangal na Dalit ng Katagalugan" | "Noble Hymn of the Tagalogs" | 1895–1899 | Juan Nakpil | Juan Nakpil | — | — | |
 Poland |
"Bogurodzica" | "Mother of God" | AD 977–1795 | Adalbert of Prague | Adalbert of Prague | [note 37] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Portugal |
"Hymno Patriótico" | "Patriotic Hymn" | 1809–1834 | Unknown | Marcos António Portugal | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Portugal |
"Hino da Carta" | "Hymn to the Charter" | 1834–1910 | Pedro IV of Portugal | Pedro IV of Portugal | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Prussia |
"Borussia" | "Prussia" | 1820–1830 | Joseph Friedrich Leopold Dunker | Gaspare Spontini | — | — | |
| Prussia |
"Preußenlied" | "Song of Prussia" | 1830–1840 | Bernhard Thiersch | August Neithardt | — | ||
 Qatar |
"An-Nashīd al-Waṭani l-dawlat Qaṭar" | "National Anthem" | 1954–1996 | None (instrumental) | Unknown | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Rhodesia and Nyasaland |
"God Save The Queen" | 1953–1963 | Unknown | Unknown | — | |||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Rhodesia |
"God Save the Queen" | 1965–1970 | Unknown | Unknown | [note 38][19] | |||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Rhodesia |
"Rise, O Voices of Rhodesia" | 1974–1979 | Mary Bloom | Ludwig van Beethoven | [note 38][19] | |||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Romania |
"Marș triumfal" | "Triumphant March" | 1862–1884 | None (instrumental) | Eduard Hübsch | — | [20] | |
 Romania |
"Trăiască Regele" | "Long live the King" | 1884–1948 | Vasile Alecsandri | Eduard Hübsch | [21] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Romania |
"Zdrobite cătușe" | "Broken Handcuffs" | 1948–1953 | Aurel Baranga | Matei Socor | [21] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Romania |
"Te slăvim, Românie" | "We glorify thee, Romania" | 1953–1975 | Eugen Frunză Dan Deșliu |
Matei Socor | [21] | ||
| Romania |
"E scris pe tricolor Unire" | "Unity is written on our flag" | 1975–1977 | Andrei Bârseanu | Ciprian Porumbescu | [22] | ||
| Romania |
"Trei culori" | "Three Colours" | 1977–1990 | Unknown; adapted from the original "Cântecul tricolorului" | Ciprian Porumbescu | [21] | ||
 Russia |
"Molitva russkikh"[trans 52] | "The Prayer of Russians" | 1816–1833 | Vasily Zhukovsky | Unknown (same tune as "God Save the Queen") | — | ||
| Russia |
"Bozhe, Tsarya khrani!"[trans 53] | "God Save the Tsar!" | 1833–1917 | Vasily Zhukovsky | Alexei Lvov | — | ||
| Russia |
"Rabochaya Marselyeza"[trans 54] | "Worker's Marseillaise" | 1917 | Pyotr Lavrov | Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Russia |
"Rabochaya Marselyeza"[trans 54] | "Worker's Marseillaise" | 1917–1918 | Pyotr Lavrov | Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle | [note 39] | ||
| Soviet Russia |
"Internatsional"[trans 55] | "The Internationale" | 1917–1922 | Eugène Pottier | Pierre De Geyter | [note 40] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Russia |
"Patrioticheskaya Pesnya"'[trans 56] | "The Patriotic Song" | 1990–2000 | Unknown | Mikhail Glinka | [23] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Rwanda |
"Rwanda Rwacu" | "Our Rwanda" | 1962–2002 | Michael Habarurema Abanyuramatwi |
Michael Habarurema Abanyuramatwi |
— | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} San Marino |
"Inno di San Marino" | "Anthem of San Marino" | ?–1894 (de facto) |
Ulisse Balsimelli | Aurelio Muccioli | — | [24] | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Sarawak |
"Gone Forth Beyond the Sea" | ?–1946 | Margaret Brooke | Unknown | — | — | ||
 Sarawak |
"Fair Land Sarawak" | 1946–1973 | FC Ogden | George Freeth | — | |||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Sardinia |
"S'hymnu sardu nationale" | "The Sardinian National Anthem" | 1842–1861 | Vittorio Angius | Giovanni Gonella | — | ||
 Saxony |
"Sachsen Hymne" | "Hymn of Saxony" | 1806–1871 | Maximilian Hallbauer | Ernst Julius Otto | — | [note 8] | |
 Saudi Arabia |
"السلام الملكي السعودي" | "Long live our King" | 1953–1984 | No lyrics | Abdul Rahman Al-Khateeb | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Serbia and Montenegro |
"Hej, Sloveni" | "Hey, Slavs" | 1992–2006 | Samuel Tomášik | Michał Kleofas Ogiński | [note 41] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Seychelles |
"En Avant" | "Forward" | 1976–1978 | Unknown | Unknown | — | — | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Seychelles |
"Fyer Seselwa" | "Be Proud Seychellois" | 1978–1996 | Unknown | Pierre Dastros-Géze | — | — | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Siam |
"Chom Rat Chong Charoen" | "Long live the Great King" | 1852–1871 | Phraya Srisunthonwohan (Noi Āchāryānkura) | Unknown | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Siam |
"Phleng Sansoen Phra Barami"[trans 57] | "Glorify His prestige" | 1888–1932 | Pyotr Shchurovsky | Unknown | [note 42] | ||
 Slovakia |
"Hej, Slováci" | "Hey, Slovaks" | 1939–1945 | Samuel Tomášik | Unknown | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Slovenia |
"Naprej, zastava slave" | "Forward, Flag of Glory" | 1860–1989 | Simon Jenko | Davorin Jenko | [note 43] | ||
 Somalia |
"Heesta qaranqa Soomaaliya" | "National anthem of Somalia" | 1960–2000 | None (instrumental) | Giuseppe Blanc | — | ||
| Somalia |
"Soomaaliyeey toosoo" | "Somalia, Wake Up" | 2000–2012 | Ali Mire Awale | Ali Mire Awale Yusuf Haji Aden |
[note 44] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} South Africa |
"God bewaar ons Koningin" | "God Save the Queen" | 1910–1957 | Unknown | Unknown | [note 45] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} South Africa |
"Die Stem van Suid-Afrika" | "The Call of South Africa" | 1938–1997 | Cornelis Jacobus Langenhoven | Marthinus Lourens de Villiers | [note 46] | ||
 South Africa |
"Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika" | "Lord Bless Africa" | 1994–1997 | Enoch Sontonga | Enoch Sontonga and Joseph Parry | [note 47][28] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Soviet Union |
"Internatsional"[trans 55] | "The Internationale" | 1922–1944 | Eugène Pottier | Pierre De Geyter | — | ||
 Soviet Union |
"Gosudarstvenniy Gimn SSSR"[trans 58] | "State anthem of the Soviet Union" | 1944–1991 | Sergey Mikhalkov | Alexander Alexandrov | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Spain |
"Himno de Riego" | "Anthem of Riego" | 1931–1939 | José Melchor Gomis | José Melchor Gomis | [29] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Spain |
"Marcha Granadera" | "Grenadier March" | 1936–1975 | José María Pemán | Bartolomé Pérez Casas | [note 48] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Switzerland |
"Rufst du, mein Vaterland" | "When you call, my fatherland" | c. 1850–1961 | Johann Rudolf Wyss Henri Roehrich |
Unknown (same tune as "God Save the Queen") | [30] | ||
 Tajik SSR |
"Gimni Respublikai Sovetii Sotsialistii Tojikiston"[trans 59] | "State Anthem of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic" | 1946–1994 | Abolqasem Lahouti | Suleiman Yudakov | — | ||
 Transkei(Bantustan) |
"Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika" | "Lord Bless Africa" | 1976–1994 | Enoch Sontonga | Enoch Sontonga and Joseph Parry | — | ||
 Transvaal |
"Volkslied van Transvaal" | "People's Song of the Transvaal" | 1875–1902 | Catharina van Rees | Catharina van Rees | [31] | ||
 Tunisia |
"Salam al-Bey"[trans 60] | "Beylical Salute" | 1846–1958 | Unknown | Unknown | — | — | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Tunisia |
"Ala Khallidi"[trans 61] | "Immortal and Precious" | 1958–1987 | Jalaleddine Naccache | Salah El Mahdi | — | — | |
 Turkey |
"İstiklâl Marşı" | "Independence March" | 1924–1930 | Mehmet Akif Ersoy | Ali Rıfât Çağatay | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Turkmenistan |
"Türkmenistan Sowet Socialistik Respublikasy Döwlet Gimni" | "State Anthem of the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic" | 1991–1996 | — | Veli Mukhatov | [note 49] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Two Sicilies |
"Inno al Re" | "Hymn to the King" | 1816–1861 | Unknown | Giovanni Paisiello | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} United Arab Republic |
"Walla Zaman Ya Selahy"[trans 24] | "Oh My Weapon" | 1960–1971 | Salah Jahin | Kamal Al Taweel | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} United States |
"Hail, Columbia" | 1789–1931 (de facto) |
Philip Phile | — | ||||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} United States |
"My Country, 'Tis of Thee" | c. 1831–1931 (de facto) |
Samuel Francis Smith | Unknown (same tune as "God Save the Queen") | [note 50] | |||
 Ukrainian SSR |
"Derzhavnyy himn Ukrayinskoyi Radyanskykh Sotsialistychnoyi Respubliky"[trans 62] | "State Anthem of the Ukrainian SSR" | 1949–1991 | Pavlo Tychyna Mykola Bazhan |
Anton Dmytrovych Lebedynets | — | ||
| Ukraine |
"Derzhavnyy himn Ukrayinskoyi Radyanskykh Sotsialistychnoyi Respubliky"[trans 63] | "State Anthem of the Ukrainian SSR" | 1991–1992 | Mykola Bazhan | Anton Dmytrovych Lebedynets | — | ||
 Upper Volta |
"Hymne National Voltaïque" | "Voltaique National Anthem" | 1960–1984 | Robert Ouedraogo | Robert Ouedraogo | — | — | |
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Uzbek SSR |
"O'zbekiston Sovet Sotsialist Respublikasining davlat madhiyasi" | "State Anthem of the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic" | 1947–1992 | Timur Fattah Turab Tula |
Mutal Burkhanov | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Vatican City |
"Marcia trionfale" | "Triumphal March" | 1929–1950 | (instrumental only) | Viktorin Hallmayer | [note 36] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Venda(Bantustan) |
"Pfano na vhuthihi" | "Peace and Togetherness" | 1979–1994 | Unknown | Unknown | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Vietnam |
"Đăng đàn cung" | "The Emperor Mounts His Throne" | 1802–1945 | Ung Thieu | J.B. Chaigneau | — | ||
 South Vietnam |
"Tiếng gọi thanh niên" | "Call to the Citizens" | 1955–1975 | Luu Huu Phuoc | Luu Huu Phuoc | [note 51] | ||
 South Vietnam |
"Giải phóng miền Nam" | "Liberate the South" | 1975–1976 | Luu Huu Phuoc | Luu Huu Phuoc | — | ||
 West Papua |
"Hai Tanahku Papua" | "Oh My Land Papua" | 1961–1963 | Izaak Samuel Kijne | Izaak Samuel Kijne | — | ||
 Württemberg |
"Württemberger Hymne" | "Hymn of Württemberg" | 1806–1871 | Unknown | Peter Josef von Lindpaintner | — | [note 8] | |
 North Yemen |
"al Watani" | "Peace To The Land" | 1962–1978 | Collective | Unknown | — | ||
| "A Nation's Will" | 1978–1990 | Ahmed Al Amari | Ali Al Ansi | — | ||||
 South Yemen |
"al-Jumhūrīyah al-Muttaḥidâh" | "United Republic" | 1979–1989 | Abdullah "Al-Fadhool" Abdulwahab Noman | Ayoob Tarish | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Yugoslavia |
"Himna Kraljevine Jugoslavije" | "Hymn of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia" | 1918–1941 | Jovan Đorđević Antun Mihanović Simon Jenko |
Davorin Jenko Josif Runjanin |
[note 52] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Yugoslavia |
"Hej, Sloveni" | "Hey, Slavs" | 1977–1992 | Samuel Tomášik | Michał Kleofas Ogiński | [34] | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Zaire |
"La Zaïroise" | "The Zairian" | 1972–1997 | Joseph Lutumba | Simon-Pierre Boka Di Mpasi Londi | — | ||
.svg.png.webp){kind=small} Zambia |
"Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika" | "Lord Bless Africa" | 1964–1973 | Enoch Sontonga | Enoch Sontonga and Joseph Parry | — | ||
 Zimbabwe |
"Ishe Komborera Africa" | "God Bless Africa" | 1980–1994 | Enoch Sontonga | Enoch Sontonga and Joseph Parry | [note 53] | ||
See also
Notes
- Also known by the title of "Garam shah lā garam shah" (English: "Be ardent, be more ardent").
- Also known by the title of "Qal’a-ye Islam, qalb-e Asiya" (English: "Fortress of Islam, heart of Asia"); its incipit.
- The same tune was used for numerous Austrian and Austro-Hungarian national anthems; only the lyrics changed. Although the official lyrics were in German, versions of the anthems used during the imperial period (until 1918) existed in several other languages from throughout the empire: Croatian, Czech, Hungarian, Italian, Polish and Slovene.[3]
- The same tune was used for numerous Austrian and Austro-Hungarian national anthems; only the lyrics changed. Although the official lyrics were in German, versions of the anthems used during the imperial period existed in several other languages from throughout the empire: Czech, Croatian, Hungarian, Italian, Polish and Slovene.[3]
- The same tune was used for numerous Austrian and Austro-Hungarian national anthems; only the lyrics changed. Although the official lyrics were in German, versions of the anthems used during the imperial period existed in several other languages from throughout the empire: Czech, Croatian, Hungarian, Italian, Polish and Slovene.[3]
- The same tune was used for numerous Austrian and Austro-Hungarian national anthems; only the lyrics changed. Although the official lyrics were in German, versions of the anthems used during the imperial period existed in several other languages from throughout the empire: Czech, Croatian, Hungarian, Italian, Polish and Slovene.[3]
- The same tune was used for numerous Austrian and Austro-Hungarian national anthems; only the lyrics changed. Although the official lyrics were in German, versions of the anthems used during the imperial period existed in several other languages from throughout the empire: Czech, Croatian, Hungarian, Italian, Polish and Slovene.[3]
- The anthems of the previously independent German kingdoms and duchies continued to be used as regional anthems until the fall of the German Empire in 1918.
- Brazil became a republic in 1888, but retained "Hino Nacional Brasileiro" as its national anthem.
- From 1908 a royal anthem, "Anthem of His Majesty the Tsar",[trans 7] was adopted and played immediately after the anthem whenever the monarch was present.
- Popularly known "ကမ္ဘာမကြေ" (Kaba Ma Kyei), its music was later used as a template for the National Anthem of Burma which is also known as Kaba Ma Kyei.
- "Esta É a Nossa Pátria Bem Amada" was adopted in 1975 by both Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau on their respective independence from Portugal. Cape Verde introduced a unique anthem in 1996, but it remains the national anthem of Guinea-Bissau.
- Currently used as the national anthem of Taiwan.
- The Confederate States never adopted an official national anthem. The Civil War Trust firmly states that the "honor rightly belongs to" "God Save the South", the first piece of music published in the Confederacy, "because of its stirring poetry and its outstanding musical setting". Commonly cited alternatives include the popular song "Dixie" and "The Bonnie Blue Flag", a marching song.[5][6]
- Only the first verses of each anthem were sung during the union of the Czech lands with Slovakia.
- Although it is the first to appear on this list, "Chant du départ" was not the original national anthem of France; "La Marseillaise", the modern national anthem, was originally used from 1795 to 1799. It was readopted in 1870.
- During Germany's Weimar period, all three verses of "Das Lied der Deutschen" were sung, whereas today only the third verse is sung.
- During Germany's Nazi period, only the first verse of "Das Lied der Deutschen" was sung, and followed by "Horst-Wessel-Lied", the SA song written by Horst Wessel.
- Unofficial, de facto. Shares the same tune as the current Micronesian national anthem.
- Although officially all three verses were designated as the West German national anthem, in practice only the third verse was actually performed in public.
- Tune same as that used in the royal anthem and flag anthem of Iran at the time.
- Title also given as "The Royal Salute" (Arabic: السلام الملكي)
- Title in Arabic: والله زمان يا سلاحي
- Not to be confused with the current Iraqi national anthem, which shares the same name.[12]
- De facto, never officially adopted.
- The RSI never indicated a National Anthem. However both were featured at official ceremonies.
- The same melody was used for the Kazakhstan national anthem in the early years of independence, before it was replaced with the current anthem, "Meniñ Qazaqstanım".
- Lyrics same as those used in the current South Korean national anthem.
- The modern national anthem of Kuwait, adopted in 1978, retains "Amiri Salute" in its entirety as an opening fanfare.[16]
- After the founding of the present Lao People's Democratic Republic, "Pheng Xat Lao" had its words, but not its music, changed.
- "Lībīya, Lībīya, Lībīya" was relinquished in 1969, was but re-adopted as the national anthem of Libya after the victory of the National Transitional Council over the Gaddafi regime in 2011, the only difference being the omission of a verse glorifying King Idris.
- From 1802 until 1911 the anthem of Macau was "Hymno Patriótico" followed by "Hino da Carta", the same as that of Portugal.
- The song "Ey Reqîb" is still used as the regional anthem of Iraqi Kurdistan, and as the anthem of the Kurdish people in general.
- When Newfoundland joined the Canadian Confederation in 1949, "Ode to Newfoundland" lost its status as a national anthem. The Canadian province of Newfoundland became the first to adopt a provincial anthem in 1980 when the song was readopted.
- The last Ottoman sultan, Mehmed VI, decided not to have a special march for himself, but used the first Ottoman anthem, "Mahmudiye".
- The Papal States became part of Italy in 1870, but the anthem was retained as the Vatican City's first anthem until 1950.
- Bogurodzica was created somewhere between the 10th and 13th centuries. Adalbert of Prague is believed to be the creator of the Polish hymn by most scholars; he lived between 956 and 997. Bogurodzica was used as the national anthem of the Kingdom of Poland from its creation until 1795 with the end of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
- Rhodesia's 1965 Unilateral Declaration of Independence (UDI) went unrecognised by the United Kingdom and the United Nations, both of which continued to consider Rhodesia to be the British colony of Southern Rhodesia. Despite declaring independence, the "de facto" Rhodesian government still maintained loyalty to Elizabeth II and so retained Britain's national anthem, "God Save the Queen", until it declared Rhodesia a republic in 1970. A replacement state anthem was not adopted until 1974, when "Rise, O Voices of Rhodesia" came into use. As its independence was illegal, "God Save the Queen" remained Rhodesia's "de jure" national anthem throughout the UDI period of 1965 to 1979.
- The "Worker's Marseillaise" was briefly used alongside "The Internationale" by the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic from 1917 to 1918.
- Subsequently adopted by the Soviet Union in 1922 and used until 1944; the "Worker's Marseillaise" was briefly used alongside "The Internationale" by Russia from 1917 to 1918.
- Serbia and Montenegro was called the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia until 4 February 2003.[25]
- Although replaced as national anthem in 1932, "Sansoen Phra Barami" was retained as Siam's (and, following the country's change of name in 1939, Thailand's) royal anthem.
- "Naprej, zastava slave" is still used by the Slovenian Armed Forces as its official song.
- Served as Somalia's national anthem until 2012, when it was replaced with "Qolobaa Calankeed".
- Was the sole de jure national anthem from 1910 to 1938.[26] From 1938 to 1957, it officially shared co-national anthem status with "Die Stem van Suid-Afrika", upon which the latter became the sole national anthem.[26] It remained the royal anthem until 1961.
- From 1938 to 1957, it served as a co-national anthem with equal status with "God Save the Queen and "God Save the King".[26] It had served as a sort of de facto co-national anthem since the 1920s. From 1957 to 1994, it was the sole national anthem. "The Call of South Africa" and "God Bless Africa" became co-national anthems of South Africa in 1994. The modern South African national anthem, adopted in 1997, uses elements from each as separate segments in a single composition.[27][28]
- "The Call of South Africa" and "God Bless Africa" became co-national anthems of South Africa in 1994. The modern South African national anthem, adopted in 1997, uses elements from each in separate segments.[28]
- Remains the national anthem of Spain, however the lyrics have since been removed and it is now referred to under its title of "Marcha Real".
- Previously, with lyrics, used as the regional anthem of the Soviet Union's Turkmen SSR until 1991.
- "My Country, 'Tis of Thee" is generally considered to have been the "de facto" national anthem of the United States prior to 1931, but not universally. Alternatives included "Hail, Columbia", and the modern anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner".[32][33]
- The song was originally called "Thanh Niên Hành Khúc" (English: "March of the Youths"); the title and words were altered significantly when it became national anthem, though the music remained the same. Luu Huu Phuoc was still officially credited for both the music and the lyrics.
- It was a medley of "Bože pravde", "Lijepa naša domovino" and "Naprej, zastava slave", used by Serbia, Croatia and Slovenia respectively.
- "Ishe Komborera Africa" is a translation of "Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika" from Xhosa into Shona and Ndebele.
- Iraq didn't adopt lyrics
Translations and transliterations
- Pashto: څو چې دا ځمكه اّسمان وي
- Pashto: گرم شه، لا گرم شه
- Persian: سرود ملی
- Armenian: "Հայկական ՍՍՀ օրհներգ"
- Azerbaijani: Азәрбајҹан Совет Сосиалист Республикасынын Һимни (original orthography)
- Bulgarian: "Шуми Марица"
- Bulgarian: "Химн на Негово Величество Царя"; transliterated as "Himn na Negovo Velichestvo Tsarya"
- Bulgarian: "Републико наша, здравей!"
- Bulgarian: "Бъларио мила"
- Burmese: စံရာတောင်ကျွန်းလုံးသူ့
- Burmese: တို့ဗမာသီချင်း
- Belarusian: "Дзяржаўны гімн БССР"
- Khmer: ដំណើរសាធារណរដ្ឋខ្មែរ
- Khmer: ដប់ប្រាំពីរមេសាមហាជោគជ័យ
- Chinese: 李中堂乐
- Chinese: 颂龙旗
- Chinese: 鞏金甌
- Chinese: 中國雄立宇宙間
- Chinese: 卿云歌
- Chinese: 國民革命歌
- Chinese: 中華民國國歌
- Chinese: 国际歌
- Egyptian Arabic: اسلمى يا مصر
- Egyptian Arabic: والله زمان يا سلاحي
- Amharic: ኢትዮጵያ ሆይ ደስ ይበልሽ
- Amharic: ኢትዮጵያ, ኢትዮጵያ, ኢትዮጵያ ቅደሚ
- Georgian: "საქართველოს საბჭოთა სოციალისტური რესპუბლიკის სახელმწიფო ჰიმნი"
- Georgian: "დიდება"
- Chinese: 天佑女王
- Persian: سلام شاه
- Persian: سلامتی دولت علیهٔ ایران
- Persian: سرود ملی
- Persian: ای ایران
- Persian: پاینده بادا ایران
- Iraqi Arabic: أرض الفراتين
- Kazakh: "Қазақ Советтiк Социалистік Республикасының мемлекеттік әнұраны"
- Kazakh: "Қазақстан Республикасының Мемлекеттік Әнұраны"
- Kirghiz: "Кыргыз ССР Мамлекеттик Гимни"
- Korean: 대한제국 애국가
- Arabic: السلام الأميري
- Lao: ເພງຊາດລາວ
- Libyan Arabic: لیبیا، لیبیا، لیبیا
- Libyan Arabic: الله أكبر
- Kurdish: ئەی ڕەقیب
- Arabic: نشيد وطني موريتاني
- Mongolian: ᠵᠠᠭᠤᠨ ᠯᠠᠩ ᠤᠨ ᠵᠢᠷᠤᠭᠠ ᠯᠠᠭᠤᠰᠠ (original orthography)
- Mongolian: Монгол Интернационал
- Serbian Cyrillic: "Убавој нам Црној Гори"
- Nepali: श्रीमान गम्भीर
- Melayu:"Willem dari Nassou"
- Urdu: ترانہ پاکستان
- Russian: "Молитва русских"
- Russian: "Боже, Царя храни!"
- Russian: "Рабочая Марсельеза"
- Russian: "Интернационал"
- Russian: "Патриотическая песня"
- Thai: เพลงสรรเสริญพระบารมี
- Russian: "Государственный гимн СССР"
- Tajik: "Гимни Республикаи Советии Сотсиалистии Тоҷикистон"
- Tunisian Arabic: سلام الباي
- Tunisian Arabic: ألا خلّدي
- "Ukrainian: Державний гімн Української Радянської Соціалістичної Республіки
- "Ukrainian: Державний гімн Української Радянської Соціалістичної Республіки
References
- General
- Bristow, Michael Jamieson (2006-10-28). National Anthems of the World. Cassell. ISBN 0-304-36826-1.
- Bristow, Michael Jamieson. "History of anthems". Retrieved 2011-06-20.
- Hang, Xing (2003-09-28). Encyclopedia of National Anthems. The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-4847-3.
- Leonard, Hal (1996-01-01). National Anthems from Around the World. Hal Leonard Corporation. ISBN 0-7935-6079-9.
- Sousa, John Philip (1890). National, patriotic and typical airs of all lands: with copious notes. H. Coleman.
- "nationalanthems.info". Archived from the original on 2013-01-21. Retrieved 2012-12-19.
- Specific
- Bristow. "Afghanistan National Anthem (1943–1973)". Retrieved 2011-06-21.
- Language Context (21 August 2016). "National anthems – Islamic State of Afghanistan (1992–2006) – Lyrics + Translation in Subtitles". Archived from the original on 2021-12-21 – via YouTube.
- Jones, David Wyn (2009). Oxford Composer Companions: Haydn. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 120.
- "History of Chinese national anthems in a hundred years". People's Daily (in Chinese). Chinese Communist Party. Retrieved 2011-07-15.
- "Civil War Music: God Save the South". Washington, D.C.: Civil War Trust. Archived from the original on 2010-10-26. Retrieved 2011-07-22.
- Sacks, Howard L.; Sacks, Judith (1993). Way up North in Dixie: A Black Family's Claim to the Confederate Anthem. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 4. ISBN 0-252-07160-3.
- "The social and cultural conception of Mustafa Sadiq Alrafii". Asian and African Studies. Jerusalem Academic Press. 13: 101–129. 1979. ISSN 0066-8281.
- Arabic: سلام أفندينا
- "Egypt (to 1958)". nationalanthems.info. Retrieved 26 October 2018.
- Arabic: يسسالام الجمهوري المصري
- "Iraq (1965–1981)". www.nationalanthems.info.
- Schaffer, Edward; Scotland, Jan; Popp, Reinhard (2017). "Iraq (1958–1965, 2003–2004)". NationalAnthems.info. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved November 30, 2017.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - Wetzel, Dan (August 24, 2004). "One last chance". Yahoo! Sports. Yahoo!. Retrieved December 4, 2017.
The song is 'My Country.' It is relatively short, contains no words and was composed by a man named Lewis Zanbaka...
- "History Ireland". historyireland.com. 5 March 2013. Retrieved 2018-04-12.
- official anthem of the National Fascist Party
- "National anthem". Kuwait Info. Government of Kuwait. Retrieved 2011-07-18.
- Historia de los himnos nacionales (Video) (in Spanish). Nicaragua Educa. 2016-09-12. Archived from the original on 2021-12-21. Retrieved 2021-09-20.
- Sousa 1890, p. 180
- Bristow. "Rhodesia". Retrieved 2011-06-20.
- Chelaru, Carmen (2018). "Romanian national anthems, historical, stylistic and aesthetic considerations". Artes. Journal of Musicology. 18 (1): 207–229. doi:10.2478/ajm-2018-0013. ISSN 2558-8532.
- Bristow. "Romania". Retrieved 2011-06-20.
- Petru Bălan, Cristian (2008). Imnurile de stat ale ţărilor din Uniunea Europeană (in Romanian). p. 112. ISBN 978-9737400949.
- Bristow. "Russian Federation". Retrieved 2011-06-21.
- Unofficial usage reported with no legal recognition
- "Timeline: after Milosevic". BBC News. London. 2006-06-06. Retrieved 2011-06-21.
- "South Africa Will Play Two Anthems Hereafter". The New York Times. New York. 3 June 1938. p. 10. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
- "National anthem". Government of South Africa. Retrieved 2011-06-21.
- Bristow. "South Africa". Retrieved 2011-06-20.
- "The 10... most preposterous opening ceremonies". The Observer. London: Guardian News and Media. 2004-01-18. Retrieved 2011-06-20.
- Kreis, Georg (1991). Der Mythos von 1291. Zur Entstehung des schweizerischen Nationalfeiertages. Basel: F. Reinhardt. pp. 67–69.
- Sousa 1890, p. 253
- Snyder, Lois Leo (1990). Encyclopedia of Nationalism. Paragon House. p. 13. ISBN 1-55778-167-2.
- Barton, Laura (2009-01-23). "Hail, Hail, Rock'n'Roll". The Guardian. London: Guardian News and Media. Retrieved 2011-06-21.
- Bristow. "Yugoslavia". Retrieved 2011-06-20.
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