áith
See also: aith-
Irish
Etymology 1
From Old Irish áith f (“drying-kiln (for grain)”), from Proto-Celtic *ātis, from the same root as *h₂eh₁ter- (“fire”) (compare Latin āter).
Noun
áith f (genitive singular áithe, nominative plural áitheanna or áithí)
- kiln
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. II, p. 14:
- ńīl ēn ā sn̥ ilān šə, ax tā mōrān akəb ə gonəmárə.
- Níl aon áith san oileán seo, ach tá mórán acu i gConamara. (conventional orthography)
- There’s no kiln on this island, but there are a lot of them in Connemara.
- ńīl ēn ā sn̥ ilān šə, ax tā mōrān akəb ə gonəmárə.
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. II, p. 14:
- tā n ā ʒā l̄oskə.
- Tá an áith dhá loscadh. (conventional orthography)
- The kiln is burning.
- tā n ā ʒā l̄oskə.
- 1899, Franz Nikolaus Finck, Die araner mundart, Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, vol. II, p. 14:
Declension
Declension of áith
Second declension
|
Bare forms
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Forms with the definite article
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Derived terms
- áith aoil f (“lime-kiln”)
- áith choirce f (“corn-kiln”)
- áith allais f (“sweat-house”)
- áitheadóir m (“kiln worker”)
Declension
Mutation
| Irish mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
| áith | n-áith | háith | not applicable |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 áith (‘sharp, keen’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 áith (‘drying kiln’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “áiṫ”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 20
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “áith”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 57
Old Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [aːθʲ]
Etymology 1
From Proto-Celtic *atti-, ultimately from the root of aiteann (“gorse”).
Adjective
áith (equative áthithir, comparative áithiu, superlative áithem)
- sharp
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 72b8
- c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 72b8
Inflection
| i-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | áith | áith | áith |
| Vocative | áith | ||
| Accusative | áith | áith | |
| Genitive | áith | áithe | áith |
| Dative | áith | áith | áith |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine/neuter | |
| Nominative | áithi | áithi | |
| Vocative | áithi | ||
| Accusative | áithi | ||
| Genitive | áith* áithe | ||
| Dative | áithib | ||
| Notes | *not when substantivized | ||
Etymology 2
From Proto-Celtic *ātis, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₁-.[1]
Inflection
| Feminine i-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | áith | áithL | áthaiH |
| Vocative | áith | áithL | áthaiH |
| Accusative | áithN | áithL | áthaiH |
| Genitive | áthoH, áthaH | áthoH, áthaH | áthaeN |
| Dative | áithL | áthaib | áthaib |
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
| |||
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| áith | unchanged | n-áith |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
References
- Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*āti-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 45
Further reading
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 áith (sharp)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 áith (kiln)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Rohingya
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