šarrum

Akkadian

Etymology

Compare Biblical Hebrew שַׂר‎ (śar, “ruler, captain, official”).

Pronunciation

Noun

šarrum m (construct state šar or šarri, pronominal state šarra, plural šarrū or šarrānū) (from Old Akkadian on)

  1. king
    𒈗 𒉿𒀀𒄠 𒅖𒆪𒉆 ― LUGAL pi-a-am iš-ku-nam /šarrum piam iškunam/ ― The king gave me an order.

Inflection
Declension
singular dual plural
Nominative šarrum šarrān šarrū
Genitive šarrim šarrīn šarrī
Accusative šarram šarrīn šarrī
Construct state šar
This table gives Old Babylonian inflection. Not all of the entries may be attested.

Alternative forms
  • šarru (non-mimated)
  • śarrum (Old Akkadian)
Cuneiform spellings
Logograms Phonetic
  • 𒈗 (LUGAL)
  • 𒈗𒂊 (LUGAL.E) (Middle Babylonian, Neo-Babylonian)
  • 𒎙 (MAN, 20) (mostly Middle Assyrian and Neo-Assyrian)
  • 𒁈 (BARA₂)
  • 𒐈𒎙 (3+20, 180+20, EŠŠANA)
  • 𒄘𒃲 (GU₂.GAL) (once)
  • 𒄑𒊷 (GIŠ.GIŠIMMAR)
  • 𒊬𒊒𒌝 (šar-ru-um)
  • 𒊬𒀸 (šar-rum)
  • 𒊬𒊒 (šar-ru)
  • 𒃻𒅈𒊒 (ša₂-ar-ru)
  • 𒊬𒊏𒄠 (šar-ra-am) (accusative)
  • 𒊬𒊑𒅎 (šar-ri-im) (genitive)

Derived terms

References
  • “šarru”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD), Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1956–2011
  • Black, Jeremy; George, Andrew; Postgate, Nicholas (2000), “šarru(m)”, in A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian, 2nd corrected edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag
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