гузен
Bulgarian
Etymology
Synchronically from dialectal гу́зя се (gúzja se, “to shrink, to huddle, to cower”) + -ен (-en). Further origin not entirely clear. BER compares it with Russian гу́за (gúza, “wrinkle”), гузу́н (guzún, “confused person”), which may be further related to Lithuanian gaũžtis (“to hunch, to curl up”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɡuzɛn]
Adjective
гу́зен • (gúzen) (adverb гу́зно, abstract noun гу́зност)
- ashamed, guilt-ridden, embarrassed by feeling of guilt
- Synonyms: сму́тен (smúten), засраме́н (zasramén)
- Гу́зен него́нен бя́га. (idiom) ― Gúzen negónen bjága. ― Guilty conscience needs no accuser. (literally, “Guilt-ridden one flees away [even if noone] chase them.”)
- гле́дам гу́зно ― glédam gúzno ― to be shamefaced
Declension
Positive forms of гу́зен
Comparative forms of гу́зен
| masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | по́-гу́зен pó-gúzen |
по́-гу́зна pó-gúzna |
по́-гу́зно pó-gúzno |
по́-гу́зни pó-gúzni |
| definite (subject form) |
по́-гу́зният pó-gúznijat |
по́-гу́зната pó-gúznata |
по́-гу́зното pó-gúznoto |
по́-гу́зните pó-gúznite |
| definite (object form) |
по́-гу́зния pó-gúznija | |||
| extended (vocative form) |
по́-гу́зни, по́-гу́зний pó-gúzni, pó-gúznij |
Superlative forms of гу́зен
| masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | на́й-гу́зен náj-gúzen |
на́й-гу́зна náj-gúzna |
на́й-гу́зно náj-gúzno |
на́й-гу́зни náj-gúzni |
| definite (subject form) |
на́й-гу́зният náj-gúznijat |
на́й-гу́зната náj-gúznata |
на́й-гу́зното náj-gúznoto |
на́й-гу́зните náj-gúznite |
| definite (object form) |
на́й-гу́зния náj-gúznija | |||
| extended (vocative form) |
на́й-гу́зни, на́й-гу́зний náj-gúzni, náj-gúznij |
References
- гузен in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Institut za bǎlgarski ezik)
- гузен in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Čitanka.Info)
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “гузен”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 293
- Nayden Gerov (1895), “гу́знъıй”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ. [Dictionary of the Bulgarian language] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 259
Russian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈɡuzʲɪn]
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