козакъ

Old East Slavic

Etymology

From Kazakh казак (kazak), from a Turkic word quzzāq meaning “free man, wanderer," from Old Turkic [script needed] (*qazǧaq, “profiteer”), from [Unspecified needed] (qazǧanmaq, “to acquire”), from [Unspecified needed] (qazmaq, “to dig out”), from Proto-Turkic *kaŕ-.[1]. Compare Ottoman Turkish قازاق‎ (qazaq), قزّاق‎ (qazzaq).

Pronunciation

(ca. 9^th CE) IPA^(key): /kɔˈzɑkʊ/
(ca. 11^th CE) IPA^(key): /kɔˈzakʊ/
(ca. 13^th CE) IPA^(key): /kɔˈzak/
Hyphenation: ко‧за‧къ

Noun

козакъ (kozakŭ)

Descendants

Belarusian: каза́к (kazák)
Russian: каза́к (kazák), коза́к (kozák); коза́къ (kozák)
- → Aleut: Kasakax̂
- → Danish: kosak
- → Finnish: kasakka
- → Ingrian: kazakka
- → Kamassian: кхазакх (kʰazakʰ)
- → Romanian: cazac
- → Proto-Samic:
  - Kildin Sami: kаs (kas, “servant”)
- → Yup'ik: kass'aq
Ukrainian: коза́к (kozák)
- → Hungarian: kozák sg
- → Polish: Kozak m sg
  - Middle French: cosaque, cosache
    - French: cosaque m sg
    - → Dutch: kozak m sg
    - → English: Cossack m sg
- → Slovak: kozák m sg
- → Yiddish: קאָזאַק‎ m sg (kozak)

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “казак”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

“Cossack”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.

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[1] “Cossack”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.