أنفاق

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

أَنْفَاق • (ʔanfāq) pl

1. plural of نَفَق‎ (nafaq)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek ὀμφάκιον (omphákion, “juice from unripe grapes; oil from unripe olives”).

• IPA^(key): /ʔun.faːq/

أُنْفَاق • (ʔunfāq) m

1. (obsolete, attributively) extracted unripe from the fruit (used especially for juice of grapes or oil of olives)
   • a. 1000, المقدسي, Michael Jan de Goeje, editor, أحسن التقاسيم في معرفة الأقاليم [ʾaḥsan at-taqāsīm fī maʿrifa al-ʾaqālīm] (Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum; 3)‎, Leiden: E. J. Brill, published 1877, 1906, page 181 line 3:

   • a. 1222, نجيب الدين السمرقندي [ʿNajīb ad-Dīn as-Samarqandīy], Juliane Müller, editor, كتاب الأغذية والأشربة [kitāb al-ʾaḡdiya wa-l-ʾǎšriba] (Islamic Philosophy, Theology and Science. Texts and Studies; 101)‎, Leiden: Brill, published 2017, →ISBN, page 146:

     ‏وأمّا زيت الأنفاق وهو […] دابغ للمعدة مقوّ لها صالح للمحرورين ولا سيّما إن كان مغسولاً.‎‎

     In what concerns the olive oil extracted from unripe olives, it tans the stomach and fortifies it, while being salubrious for heated folks, particularly if washed [with hot water directly after being pressed].

• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 148
• Michael Jan de Goeje, editor (1879) Indices, glossarium et addenda et emendanda ad part. I–III (Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum; 7)‎ (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, published 1879, page 182