دوزخ

From Middle Persian 𐭣𐭥𐭱𐭧𐭥𐭩‎ (dušox, “hell”), from Old Iranian *daužaxva, from earlier *duš-ahw-a-, from Proto-Iranian *dušHáhuš (literally “bad existence”), a compound of *duš- (“bad”) +‎ *Háhuš, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hásuš (“life, existence, being”).

Cognates include Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (dwšx), [script needed] (dwšwx /dušox/), Middle Persian 𐬛𐬋𐬲𐬀𐬑‎ (dōžax), 𐬛𐬋𐬰𐬀𐬑‎ (dōzax), 𐬛𐬋𐬘𐬀𐬑‎ (dōjax), Manichaean Parthian [script needed] (dwjx /dōžax/), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬊𐬲𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀‎ (daožauua), 𐬛𐬎𐬲𐬀𐬢𐬵𐬎‎ (dužaŋhu), Pashto دوغښ‎ (doǧaẍ), Northern Kurdish doje(h) (dōža(h)), dûje(h) (dūža(h)), Baluchi دوجک‎ (dōǰak), دوژه‎ (dōžē).

Compare Old Armenian դժոխ (džox, “hell”) and Georgian ჯოჯოხეთი (ǯoǯoxeti), Iranian borrowings.

• (Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /doːzax/

• (Dari): IPA^(key): /doːzax/

• (Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /duːzæx/
• (Tajik): IPA^(key): /dɵːzax/

دوزخ • (dôzax)

1. hell

   Synonym: جهنم‎ (jahannam)

   Antonym: بهشت‎ (behešt)

• دوزخی‎ (duzaxi)
• اهل دوزخ‎ (ahl-e duzax)
• دوزخبان‎ (duzaxbân)

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “دوزخ”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “dušox”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press

Borrowed from Classical Persian دوزخ‎ (dôzax), derived from Middle Persian 𐭣𐭥𐭱𐭧𐭥𐭩‎ (dušox, “hell”), from Proto-Iranian *dušHahua (“hell”). Cognate with Pashto دوغښ‎ (doǧaẍ), Baluchi دوجک‎ (dōǰak) and Chechen жоьжахати (žöžaxati).

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /d̪oː.zəx/
• (Deccani) IPA^(key): /d̪oː.zəx/

• Audio (PK)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -əx
• Hyphenation: دو‧زَخ

دوزَخ • (dozax) m (Hindi spelling दोज़ख़)

1. (religion) hell, hellfire
2. (figurative) the stomach (especially one that is hungry), an empty stomach
3. (Islam) Nafs-e-Ammarah (the human inclination or ego towards sin)

• دوزَخ بَھرْنا‎ (dozax bharnā)
• دوزَخ پالْنا‎ (dozax pālnā)

• “دوزخ”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “دوزخ”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.

From Urdu دوزخ‎ (dōzax).

دوزخ (dōzax)

1. hell, hellfire