سهم

See also: سہم‎

Arabic

Etymology

From the root س ه م‎ (s-h-m).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /sahm/

Noun

سَهْم • (sahm) m (plural سِهَام‎ (sihām) or أَسْهُم‎ (ʔashum) or سُهُوم‎ (suhūm))

arrow, dart
cosine
principal beam of support in house or tent
mast

Declension

Declension of noun سَهْم (sahm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَهْم sahm	السَّهْم‎ as-sahm	سَهْم sahm
Nominative	سَهْمٌ sahmun	السَّهْمُ‎ as-sahmu	سَهْمُ sahmu
Accusative	سَهْمًا‎ sahman	السَّهْمَ‎ as-sahma	سَهْمَ sahma
Genitive	سَهْمٍ sahmin	السَّهْمِ‎ as-sahmi	سَهْمِ sahmi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَهْمَيْن‎ sahmayn	السَّهْمَيْن‎ as-sahmayn	سَهْمَيْ‎ sahmay
Nominative	سَهْمَانِ‎ sahmāni	السَّهْمَانِ‎ as-sahmāni	سَهْمَا‎ sahmā
Accusative	سَهْمَيْنِ‎ sahmayni	السَّهْمَيْنِ‎ as-sahmayni	سَهْمَيْ‎ sahmay
Genitive	سَهْمَيْنِ‎ sahmayni	السَّهْمَيْنِ‎ as-sahmayni	سَهْمَيْ‎ sahmay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سِهَام‎‎; أَسْهُم‎‎; سُهُوم‎ sihām‎; ʔashum‎; suhūm	السِّهَام‎‎; الْأَسْهُم‎‎; السُّهُوم‎ as-sihām‎; al-ʔashum‎; as-suhūm	سِهَام‎‎; أَسْهُم‎‎; سُهُوم‎ sihām‎; ʔashum‎; suhūm
Nominative	سِهَامٌ‎‎; أَسْهُمٌ‎‎; سُهُومٌ‎ sihāmun‎; ʔashumun‎; suhūmun	السِّهَامُ‎‎; الْأَسْهُمُ‎‎; السُّهُومُ‎ as-sihāmu‎; al-ʔashumu‎; as-suhūmu	سِهَامُ‎‎; أَسْهُمُ‎‎; سُهُومُ‎ sihāmu‎; ʔashumu‎; suhūmu
Accusative	سِهَامًا‎‎; أَسْهُمًا‎‎; سُهُومًا‎ sihāman‎; ʔashuman‎; suhūman	السِّهَامَ‎‎; الْأَسْهُمَ‎‎; السُّهُومَ‎ as-sihāma‎; al-ʔashuma‎; as-suhūma	سِهَامَ‎‎; أَسْهُمَ‎‎; سُهُومَ‎ sihāma‎; ʔashuma‎; suhūma
Genitive	سِهَامٍ‎‎; أَسْهُمٍ‎‎; سُهُومٍ‎ sihāmin‎; ʔashumin‎; suhūmin	السِّهَامِ‎‎; الْأَسْهُمِ‎‎; السُّهُومِ‎ as-sihāmi‎; al-ʔashumi‎; as-suhūmi	سِهَامِ‎‎; أَسْهُمِ‎‎; سُهُومِ‎ sihāmi‎; ʔashumi‎; suhūmi

Noun

سَهْم • (sahm) m (plural أَسْهُم‎ (ʔashum) or سُهْمَان‎ (suhmān) or سُهْمَة‎ (suhma))

Declension

Declension of noun سَهْم (sahm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَهْم sahm	السَّهْم‎ as-sahm	سَهْم sahm
Nominative	سَهْمٌ sahmun	السَّهْمُ‎ as-sahmu	سَهْمُ sahmu
Accusative	سَهْمًا‎ sahman	السَّهْمَ‎ as-sahma	سَهْمَ sahma
Genitive	سَهْمٍ sahmin	السَّهْمِ‎ as-sahmi	سَهْمِ sahmi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَهْمَيْن‎ sahmayn	السَّهْمَيْن‎ as-sahmayn	سَهْمَيْ‎ sahmay
Nominative	سَهْمَانِ‎ sahmāni	السَّهْمَانِ‎ as-sahmāni	سَهْمَا‎ sahmā
Accusative	سَهْمَيْنِ‎ sahmayni	السَّهْمَيْنِ‎ as-sahmayni	سَهْمَيْ‎ sahmay
Genitive	سَهْمَيْنِ‎ sahmayni	السَّهْمَيْنِ‎ as-sahmayni	سَهْمَيْ‎ sahmay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote‎; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَسْهُم‎‎; سُهْمَان‎‎; سُهْمَة‎ ʔashum‎; suhmān‎; suhma	الْأَسْهُم‎‎; السُّهْمَان‎‎; السُّهْمَة‎ al-ʔashum‎; as-suhmān‎; as-suhma	أَسْهُم‎‎; سُهْمَان‎‎; سُهْمَة‎ ʔashum‎; suhmān‎; suhmat
Nominative	أَسْهُمٌ‎‎; سُهْمَانٌ‎‎; سُهْمَةٌ‎ ʔashumun‎; suhmānun‎; suhmatun	الْأَسْهُمُ‎‎; السُّهْمَانُ‎‎; السُّهْمَةُ‎ al-ʔashumu‎; as-suhmānu‎; as-suhmatu	أَسْهُمُ‎‎; سُهْمَانُ‎‎; سُهْمَةُ‎ ʔashumu‎; suhmānu‎; suhmatu
Accusative	أَسْهُمًا‎‎; سُهْمَانًا‎‎; سُهْمَةً‎ ʔashuman‎; suhmānan‎; suhmatan	الْأَسْهُمَ‎‎; السُّهْمَانَ‎‎; السُّهْمَةَ‎ al-ʔashuma‎; as-suhmāna‎; as-suhmata	أَسْهُمَ‎‎; سُهْمَانَ‎‎; سُهْمَةَ‎ ʔashuma‎; suhmāna‎; suhmata
Genitive	أَسْهُمٍ‎‎; سُهْمَانٍ‎‎; سُهْمَةٍ‎ ʔashumin‎; suhmānin‎; suhmatin	الْأَسْهُمِ‎‎; السُّهْمَانِ‎‎; السُّهْمَةِ‎ al-ʔashumi‎; as-suhmāni‎; as-suhmati	أَسْهُمِ‎‎; سُهْمَانِ‎‎; سُهْمَةِ‎ ʔashumi‎; suhmāni‎; suhmati

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: səhm
→ Malay: saham
- Indonesian: saham
Maltese: sehem
→ Pashto: سهم‎ (sahm)
→ Persian: سهم‎ (sahm)
→ Turkish: sehim

References

Freytag, Georg (1833), “سهم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 370
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “سهم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 515
Lane, Edward William (1863), “سهم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1454
Wehr, Hans (1979), “سهم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, pages 510–511

Pashto

Etymology

From Arabic سَهْم‎ (sahm).

Noun

سهم • (sahm) m

share

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (sahm), from Old Persian [script needed] (*çahman), from Proto-Iranian *θráhma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *trásma, from Proto-Indo-European *trés-mn̥, from *tres- (“to tremble”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /sahm/

(Dari): IPA^(key): /sahm/

(Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /sæhm/
(Tajik): IPA^(key): /sahm/

Noun

Iranian Persian	سهم
Dari	سهم
Tajik	саҳм (sahm)

سهم • (sahm) (plural سهم‌ها‎ (sahm-hâ))

(archaic) fear
Synonym: ترس‎ (tars)

Derived terms

سهم داشتن‎ (sahm dâštan)
سهمگین‎ (sahmgin)

Descendants

→ Armenian: սահմ (sahm)
→ Gurani: سام‎ (sām)
→ Hindustani:
- Hindi: सहम (saham)
- Urdu: سہم‎ (sahm)
→ Proto-Kurdish:
Central Kurdish: سام‎ (sam)

Northern Kurdish: sav

Southern Kurdish: سیەو‎ (syew), سیەم‎ (syem)

Etymology 2

From Arabic سَهْم‎ (sahm).

Noun

Iranian Persian	سهم
Dari	سهم
Tajik	саҳм (sahm)

سهم • (sahm) (plural اسهم‎ (ashom) or سهام‎ (sehâm) or سهم‌ها‎ (sahm-hâ))

Derived terms

سهم کردن‎ (sahm kardan)
سهیم‎ (sahim)

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