عشق

From the root ع ش ق‎ (ʕ-š-q).

عِشْق • (ʕišq) m

1. verbal noun of عَشِقَ (ʕašiqa) (form I)
2. liking with desire(lust), being in love; romantic love (particularly when very strong)
   • 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi, ديوان أبي الطيب المتنبي, volume 2:

     ‏لِعَيْنَيْكِ مَا يَلْقَى ٱلْفُؤَادُ وَمَا لَقِي / وَلِلْحُبِّ مَا لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنِّي وَمَا بَقِي / وَمَا كُنْتُ مِِمَّنْ يَدْخُلُ ٱلْعِشْقُ قَلْبَهُ / وَلَٰكِنَّ مَنْ يُبْصِرْ جُفُونَكِ يَعْشَقِ‎

     liʕaynayki mā yalqā l-fuʔādu wamā laqī / walilḥubbi mā lam yabqa minnī wamā baqī / wamā kuntu miimman yadḵulu l-ʕišqu qalbahu / walākinna man yubṣir jufūnaki yaʕšaqi

     (please add an English translation of this quote)

3. passion

• Maltese: għaxqa
• → Bashkir: ғишыҡ (ğişıq)
• → Ottoman Turkish: عشق‎
  • Turkish: aşk
• → Persian: عشق‎
  • → Hindi: इश्क़ (iśq)
  • → Urdu: عشق‎
• → Azerbaijani: eşq
• → Uzbek: ishq

عَشِقَ • (ʕašiqa) I, non-past يَعْشَقُ‎‎ (yaʕšaqu)

1. to fall in love; to love excessively; to adore
   • 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi, ديوان أبي الطيب المتنبي, volume 2:

     ‏لِعَيْنَيْكِ مَا يَلْقَى ٱلْفُؤَادُ وَمَا لَقِي / وَلِلْحُبِّ مَا لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنِّي وَمَا بَقِي / وَمَا كُنْتُ مِِمَّنْ يَدْخُلُ ٱلْعِشْقُ قَلْبَهُ / وَلَٰكِنَّ مَنْ يُبْصِرْ جُفُونَكِ يَعْشَقِ‎‎

     liʕaynayki mā yalqā l-fuʔādu wamā laqī / walilḥubbi mā lam yabqa minnī wamā baqī / wamā kuntu miimman yadḵulu l-ʕišqu qalbahu / walākinna man yubṣir jufūnaki yaʕšaqi

     (please add an English translation of this quote)

عَشَّقَ • (ʕaššaqa) II, non-past يُعَشِّقُ‎‎ (yuʕaššiqu)

1. to join
2. to connect

Borrowed from Arabic عِشْق‎ (ʕišq, “love, passion”).

• Audio (Iran)

  (file)

عشق • ('ešq) (plural عشق‌ها‎ ('ešq-hâ))

1. love (romantic emotion); passion

   ‏درد عشق‎ ― dard-e 'ešq ― pain of love

   • late 14th century, Xāja Shams-ud-Dīn Moḥammad Ḥāfeẓ-e Shīrāzī, “اگر آن ترک شیرازی به دست آرد دل ما را‎ (Shirazi Turk)”, in دیوان حافظ‎ [Divān of Ḥāfeẓ]:

     ‏ز عشق ناتمام ما جمال یار مستغنی است‎

     ze 'ešq-e nâtamâm-e mâ jamâl-e yâr mostağni ast

     Of my imperfect love the glory of the beloved is independent

   • c. 1650, Čandra Bhān, دیوان برهمن [The Brahman's divan]:

     ‏چو درد عشق رسد خواهش دوا کفر است‎

     čo dard-e 'ešq rasad xâheš-e davâ kofr ast

     When the pain of love arrives, the desire for medicine is infidelity

   • 1915, محمود طرزی‎ (Mahmud Tarzi), Wali Ahmadi (Modern Persian Literature in Afghanistan), transl., پراکنده: مجموعه اشعار [Collection of Scatted Poems], Kabul: 'Ināyat Press:

     ‏هر کس که دل به عشق وطن کرد مبتلا، ایمان و عقل و دین نشود هیچ از و جدا.‎‎

     har kas ke del be 'ešq-e vatan kard mobtalâ, imân o 'aql o din na-šavad hič az u jodâ.

     That one who is ever consumed by love for his homeland: faith, reason, and belief shall never abandon him.

2. one's love, the beloved

   ‏عشق من‎ ― 'ešq-e man ― my love

• Unlike the Arabic word, Persian عشق does not have an overtone of “excessive” or “crazy love”.

• عشقی‎ ('ešqi)

(others)

From Arabic عَشِقَ‎ (ʕašiqa).

• IPA^(key): (Urban) /ʕi.ʃiʔ/, [ˈʕi.ʃɪʔ]
• IPA^(key): (Bedouin) /ʕi.ʃiɡ/, [ˈʕi.ʃɪɡ]

• Audio (al-Lidd)

  (file)

عشق • (ʕišiʔ) (form I, present بعشق‎ (biʕšaʔ))

1. to fall in love

   Synonym: وقع بغرام‎ (wiʔiʕ bi-ḡarām)

2. (of fabric) to absorb a smell

Learned borrowing from Arabic عِشْق‎ (ʕišq).

• IPA^(key): /ʕiʃq/, [ʕɪʃq]

• Audio (Ramallah)

  (file)

عشق • (ʕišq) m

1. love, passion, infatuation

   Synonym: غرام‎ (ḡarām)

• حبّ‎ (ḥabb, “love”), محبّة‎ (maḥabbe, “love, affection”)

Borrowed from Classical Persian عشق‎ (išq), from Arabic عِشْق‎ (ʕišq, “love, passion”).

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)ɪʃq/
• (Deccani) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)ɪʃx/

• Audio (PK)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪʃq

عِشْق • (‘iśq) m (Hindi spelling इश्क़)

1. love

   ‏تیرے عشق میں ہم نے کیا کیا نہ دیکھا؟‎‎

   tere iśq mẽ ham ne kyā kyā na dekhā?

   What did I not see in your love?

   Synonyms: پیار‎ (pyār), محبت‎ (muḥabbat), پریم‎ (prem)

2. (figuratively) passion

   Synonym: جذبہ‎ (jazba)

• “عشق”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “عشق”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.