كذب

See also: كدت

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ك ذ ب (k-ḏ-b). Cognate with Hebrew כזב (kazáv).

Pronunciation

  • (file)

Verb

كَذَبَ (kaḏaba) I, non-past يَكْذِبُ‎ (yakḏibu)

  1. (intransitive) to lie, to not tell the truth
    Synonym: (poetic) مَانَ (māna)
    1. (monotransitive or ditransitive) to lie to (someone)
      كَذَبَنِي الْحَدِيثَ
      kaḏabanī l-ḥadīṯa
      He lied to me about what happened.
      • 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi, إِن يكن صبر ذي الرزية فضلا:
        وَكَمِ ٱنْتَشْتَ بِٱلسُّيُوفِ مِنَ الدَّهْـ / ـرِ أَسِيرًا وَبِٱلنَّوَالِ مُقِلَّا
        عَدَّهَا نُصْرَةً عَلَيْهِ فَلَمَّا / صَالَ خَتْلًا رَآهُ أَدْرَكَ تَبْلَا
        كَذَبَتْهُ ظُنُونُهُ أَنْتَ تُبْلِيـ / ـهِ وَتَبْقَى فِي نِعْمَةٍ لَيْسَ تَبَلَّى
        wakami ntašta bi-s-suyūfi mina d-dah- / -ri ʔasīran wabi-n-nawāli muqillā
        ʕaddahā nuṣratan ʕalayhi falammā / ṣāla ḵatlan raʔāhu ʔadraka tablā
        kaḏabathu ẓunūnuhu ʔanta tublī- / -hi watabqā fī niʕmatin laysa taballā
        (please add an English translation of this quote)
    2. to lie about (عَلَى (ʕalā))
      • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 39:32:
        فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّن كَذَبَ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ وَكَذَّبَ بِٱلصِّدْقِ إِذْ جَاءَهُ
        faman ʔaẓlamu mimman kaḏaba ʕalā l-lahi wakaḏḏaba bi-ṣ-ṣidqi ʔiḏ jāʔahu
        (please add an English translation of this quote)
  2. to deceive

Conjugation

Antonyms

Verb

كَذَّبَ (kaḏḏaba) II, non-past يُكَذِّبُ‎ (yukaḏḏibu)

  1. to allege of lying, to disbelieve someone [+accusative = whom]
    Antonym: صَدَّقَ (ṣaddaqa)
  2. to accuse or tell that something is false or deceitful, to disbelieve [+accusative = something]
    كَذَّبَ الْخَبَرَ
    kaḏḏaba l-ḵabara
    He didn't believe the news.
    Antonym: صَدَّقَ (ṣaddaqa)
  3. to disbelieve [+ بِ (object) = in], to deny
    Antonym: صَدَّقَ بِـ (ṣaddaqa bi-)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 78:28:
      وَكَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا كِذَّابًا
      wakaḏḏabū biʔāyātinā kiḏḏāban
      They called Our revelations false with strong denial.
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 92:5-10:
      فَأَمَّا مَنْ أَعْطَى وَٱتَّقَى وَصَدَّقَ بِٱلْحُسْنَى فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْيُسْرَى وَأَمَّا مَنْ بَخِلَ وَٱسْتَغْنَى وَكَذَّبَ بِٱلْحُسْنَى فَسَنُيَسِّرُهُ لِلْعُسْرَى
      faʔammā man ʔaʕṭā wattaqā waṣaddaqa bi-l-ḥusnā fasanuyassiruhu lilyusrā waʔammā man baḵila wastaḡnā wakaḏḏaba bil-ḥusnā fasanuyassiruhu lilʕusrā
      (please add an English translation of this quote)
  4. (rare) to make (someone) disbelieve (in)
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 95:7:
      فَمَا يُكَذِّبُكَ بَعْدُ بِالدِّينِ
      famā yukaḏḏibuka baʕdu bi-d-dīni
      (please add an English translation of this quote)
  5. to disprove, to refute
  6. to be inactive, to be deactivated
  7. to abstain, to desist

Conjugation

References

Noun

كَذِب or كِذْب (kaḏib or kiḏb) m (usually uncountable)

  1. verbal noun of كَذَبَ (kaḏaba) (form I)
  2. lying
  3. lie, falsehood, untruth

Declension

References

  • Haywood, J.A.; Nahmad, H.M. (1965), كذب”, in A new Arabic grammar, 2nd edition, London: Lund Humphries, →ISBN
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), كذب”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary, London: W.H. Allen

Adjective

كَذِب or كِذْب (kaḏib or kiḏb)

  1. false
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 12:18:
      وَجَاءُوا عَلَىٰ قَمِيصِهِ بِدَمٍ كَذِبٍ
      wajāʔū ʕalā qamīṣihi bidamin kaḏibin
      And they brought his shirt and stained it with false blood.

Declension

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic كِذْب (kiḏb).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kidib/
  • IPA(key): /kizib/

Noun

كِذِب or كذب (kidib or kizib) m pl (singular كِذْبَة (kidba or kizba))

  1. lie, falsehood, untruth, fraud, deceit

Synonyms

  • بَكْشْ (bakš)
  • فَقْش (fagš)

South Levantine Arabic

Root
ك ذ ب

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Arabic كَذَبَ (kaḏaba).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ki.zib/, [ˈkɪ.zɪb]
  • (file)

Verb

كذب (kizib) (form I, present بكذب (bikzab))

  1. to lie
Conjugation
    Conjugation of كذب (kizib)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m كذبت (kzibt) كذبت (kzibt) كذب (kizib) كذبنا (kzibna) كذبتو (kzibtu) كذبو (kizbu)
f كذبتي (kzibti) كذبت (kizbat)
present m بكذب (bakzab) بتكذب (btikzab) بكذب (bikzab) منكذب (mnikzab) بتكذبو (btikzabu) بكذبو (bikzabu)
f بتكذبي (btikzabi) بتكذب (btikzab)
subjunctive m أكذب (ʔakzab) تكذب (tikzab) يكذب (yikzab) نكذب (nikzab) تكذبو (tikzabu) يكذبو (yikzabu)
f تكذبي (tikzabi) تكذب (tikzab)
imperative m اكذب (ikzab) اكذبو (ikzabu)
f اكذبي (ikzabi)

Etymology 2

Learned borrowing from Arabic كَذَّبَ (kaḏḏaba).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kaz.zab/, [ˈkaz.zab]
  • (file)

Verb

كذّب (kazzab) (form II, present بكذّب (bikazzeb))

  1. to lie
Conjugation
    Conjugation of كذّب (kazzab)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m كذّبت (kazzabt) كذّبت (kazzabt) كذّب (kazzab) كذّبنا (kazzabna) كذّبتو (kazzabtu) كذّبو (kazzabu)
f كذّبتي (kazzabti) كذّبت (kazzabat)
present m بكذّب (bakazzeb) بتكذّب (bitkazzeb) بكذّب (bikazzeb) منكذّب (minkazzeb) بتكذّبو (bitkazzbu) بكذّبو (bikazzbu)
f بتكذّبي (bitkazzbi) بتكذّب (bitkazzeb)
subjunctive m اكذّب (akazzeb) تكذّب (tkazzeb) يكذّب (ykazzeb) نكذّب (nkazzeb) تكذّبو (tkazzbu) يكذّبو (ykazzbu)
f تكذّبي (tkazzbi) تكذّب (tkazzeb)
imperative m كذّب (kazzeb) كذّبو (kazzbu)
f كذّبي (kazzbi)
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