ویران

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian ویران (virân, ruined; desolate).

Adjective

ویران (viran)

  1. ruined, devasted, desolated
    Synonyms: خراب (harab), یباب (yebab), ییقق (yıkık)
  2. (of a building) abandoned, deserted

Derived terms

  • ویرانلق (viranlık, ruin)

Descendants

  • Turkish: viran
  • Romanian: viran

Further reading

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾwylʾn' /awērān/). Cognate with Parthian 𐭀𐭅𐭉𐭓𐭍 (ʾwyrn, ruin, destruction) and akin to Old Armenian աւեր (awer), աւերանք (awerankʿ), աւերակ (awerak), Iranian borrowings.

Adjective

ویران (virân)

  1. ruined
    • 1210–1292, Saadi Shirazi, Gulistan, chapter 6, story 1; Persian proverb:
      خانه از پای بند ویران است
      خواجه در بند نقش ایوان است
      xâne az pây-band virân ast
      xâje dar band-e naqš-e ivân ast
      The house is ruined from the foundation
      Khajah is bounded by the design on the iwan
  2. desolate
  3. gloomy

Derived terms

Descendants

Further reading

  • Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971), աւեր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume I, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, pages 359–360
  • Gignoux, Philippe (1972) Glossaire des Inscriptions Pehlevies et Parthes [Glossary of Pahlavi and Parthians Inscriptions] (Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum. Supplementary Series; 1) (in French), London: Lund Humphries, page 48b
  • Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, pages 112, 511
  • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 14

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian ویران.

Adjective

ویران (vīrān) (Gurmukhi spelling ਵੀਰਾਨ)

  1. ruined
  2. desolate
  3. gloomy
  • (ruin, devastation, gloom): ویرانی (vīrānī)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian ویران (vīrān).

Pronunciation

Adjective

وِیران (viyrān) (indeclinable, Hindi spelling वीरान)

  1. deserted, desolate
  2. (figurative) gloomy
  • (solitude): ویرانی (vīrānī)

References

  • ویران”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • ویران”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English] (in English), Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2023.
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