इह

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit इह (ihá), doublet of यहाँ (yahā̃).

Pronunciation

(Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɪɦ/

Adverb

इह • (ih) (Urdu spelling اهہ‎)

here, in this place or world

References

Platts, John T. (1884), “इह”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “इह”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

ᬇᬳ (Balinese script)
ইহ (Assamese script)
ইহ (Bengali script)
𑰂𑰮 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀇𑀳 (Brahmi script)
𑌇𑌹 (Grantha script)
ઇહ (Gujarati script)
ਇਹ (Gurmukhi script)
ꦆꦲ (Javanese script)
ឥហ (Khmer script)
ಇಹ (Kannada script)
ອິຫ (Lao script)
ഇഹ (Malayalam script)
𑘂𑘮 (Modi script)
ᢈᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
ᡳᡥᠠ (Manchu script)
ဣဟ (Burmese script)
𑦢𑧎 (Nandinagari script)
𑐂𑐴 (Newa script)
ଇହ (Oriya script)
ꢄꢲ (Saurashtra script)
𑆅𑆲 (Sharada script)
𑖂𑖮 (Siddham script)
ඉහ (Sinhalese script)
ఇహ (Telugu script)
อิห (Thai script)
ཨི་ཧ (Tibetan script)
𑒃𑒯 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hidʰá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hidʰá, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁i-dʰe- (“here”).[1] Compare Pali idha, Avestan 𐬌𐬛𐬁‎ (idā), 𐬌𐬜𐬀‎ (iδa).

The form ihá was generalized in Vedic to conform with other place-based adverbs ending in -ha, whereas the Middle Indo-Aryan languages generalized -dha.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /i.ɦɐ́/

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ɦɐ/

Adverb

इह • (ihá)[2]

here; in this (place)
तेनेह न ― teneha na ― the rule does not apply here (literally, “therefore not in this case”)
now

Related terms

इहेह (ihéha)

Descendants

(taking Sanskrit as representative for all Old Indo-Aryan):

Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀇𑀥 (idha)
- Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀇𑀳 (iha)
  - Awadhi: इहाँ (ihā̃)
- Khasa Prakrit:
  - Nepali: यहाँ (yahā̃)
- Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀇𑀥 (idha)
  - Chakma: 𑄃𑄨𑄘𑄪 (idu) ? -->
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀇𑀳 (iha)
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀇𑀥 (idha)
  - Hindustani:
    Hindi: यहाँ (yahā̃)
    Urdu: یہاں‎ (yahā̃)
Pali: idha
→ Hindi: इह (ih)
→ Urdu: اهہ‎ (ih)

References

Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
Monier Williams (1899), “इह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 169.

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[1] Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University

[2] Monier Williams (1899), “इह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 169.