गर्दभ

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

ᬕᬃᬤᬪ (Balinese script)
গৰ্দভ (Assamese script)
গর্দভ (Bengali script)
𑰐𑰨𑰿𑰟𑰥 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀕𑀭𑁆𑀤𑀪 (Brahmi script)
𑌗𑌰𑍍𑌦𑌭 (Grantha script)
ગર્દભ (Gujarati script)
ਗਰੑਦਭ (Gurmukhi script)
ꦒꦂꦢꦨ (Javanese script)
គទ៌ភ (Khmer script)
ಗರ್ದಭ (Kannada script)
ຄຣ຺ທຠ (Lao script)
ഗര്ദഭ (Malayalam script)
𑘐𑘨𑘿𑘟𑘥 (Modi script)
ᠺᠠᠷᢑᠠᠪᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
ᡤᠠᡵᡩᠠᢨᠠ (Manchu script)
ဂရ်္ဒဘ (Burmese script)
𑦰𑧈𑧠𑦿𑧅 (Nandinagari script)
𑐐𑐬𑑂𑐡𑐨 (Newa script)
ଗର୍ଦଭ (Oriya script)
ꢔꢬ꣄ꢣꢩ (Saurashtra script)
𑆓𑆫𑇀𑆢𑆨 (Sharada script)
𑖐𑖨𑖿𑖟𑖥 (Siddham script)
ගර්දභ (Sinhalese script)
గర్దభ (Telugu script)
ครฺทภ (Thai script)
ག་རྡ་བྷ (Tibetan script)
𑒑𑒩𑓂𑒠𑒦 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *gordebʰó- (“ass”). Tocharian B kercapo is likely a borrowing from this term's ancestor within the Indo-Aryan family. Alternatively, perhaps an onomatopoeic derivation from the root गर्द् (gard, “to cry”), but that fails to explain the suffix.

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐɾ.dɐ.bʱɐ́/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɐɾ.d̪ɐ.bʱɐ/

Noun

गर्दभ • (gardabhá) m

ass, donkey

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of गर्दभ
Nom. sg.	गर्दभः (gardabhaḥ)
Gen. sg.	गर्दभस्य (gardabhasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	गर्दभः (gardabhaḥ)	गर्दभौ (gardabhau)	गर्दभाः (gardabhāḥ)
Vocative	गर्दभ (gardabha)	गर्दभौ (gardabhau)	गर्दभाः (gardabhāḥ)
Accusative	गर्दभम् (gardabham)	गर्दभौ (gardabhau)	गर्दभान् (gardabhān)
Instrumental	गर्दभेन (gardabhena)	गर्दभाभ्याम् (gardabhābhyām)	गर्दभैः (gardabhaiḥ)
Dative	गर्दभाय (gardabhāya)	गर्दभाभ्याम् (gardabhābhyām)	गर्दभेभ्यः (gardabhebhyaḥ)
Ablative	गर्दभात् (gardabhāt)	गर्दभाभ्याम् (gardabhābhyām)	गर्दभेभ्यः (gardabhebhyaḥ)
Genitive	गर्दभस्य (gardabhasya)	गर्दभयोः (gardabhayoḥ)	गर्दभानाम् (gardabhānām)
Locative	गर्दभे (gardabhe)	गर्दभयोः (gardabhayoḥ)	गर्दभेषु (gardabheṣu)

Derived terms

गर्दभक (gardabhaka)
गर्दभी (gardabhī, “female donkey”)

Descendants

Magadhi Prakrit: *𑀕𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀳 (*gaddaha)
- Early Assamese: গাধৱ (gadhowo), গান্ধ (gandho)
  - Assamese: গাধ (gadho)
- Bengali: গাধা (gadha)
- Bhojpuri: गदहा (gadᵊhā)
- Maithili: गदहा (gadᵊhā)
- Oriya: ଗଧ (gôdhô), ଗଧୁଣୀ (gôdhuṇi), ଗଧା (gôdha)
Paisaci Prakrit:
- Punjabi: ਗੱਧਾ (gaddhā)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀳 (gaddaha)
- Awadhi: गदहा (gadhā)
- Hindi: गधा (gadhā), गदहा (gadhā)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀟𑁆𑀟𑀳 (gaḍḍaha)
- Marathi: गाढव (gāḍhav)
→ Bengali: গর্দভ (gordobh), গর্ধভ (gordhobh) (semi-learned)
→ Telugu: గర్దభము (gardabhamu)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “गर्दभ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 349.

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