गर्भ

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गर्भ (garbha). Doublet of गाभ (gābh, “pregnancy in animals”)

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ɡəɾbʱ/

गर्भ • (garbh) m (Urdu spelling گربھ‎)

1. womb

• गर्भावस्था (garbhāvasthā)
• गर्भवती (garbhavtī)
• गर्भिणी (garbhiṇī)
• गर्भनली (garbhanlī)
• गर्भपात (garbhapāt)

• गर्भाशय (garbhāśay)

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *gárbʰas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷólbʰ-o-s, from *gʷelbʰ- (“womb”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬔𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬡𐬀‎ (gar^əβa), Ancient Greek δελφύς (delphús, “womb”).

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡɐ́ɾ.bʱɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡɐɾ.bʱɐ/

गर्भ • (gárbha) m

1. the womb
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 4.27.1:

     गर्भे नु सन्नन्वेषामवेदमहं देवानां जनिमानि विश्वा।
     शतं मा पुर आयसीररक्षन्नध श्येनो जवसा निरदीयम्॥

     gárbhe nú sánnánveṣāmavedamahám devā́nām jánimāni víśvā. śatám mā púra ā́yasīrarakṣannádha śyenó javásā níradīyam.

     As I lay within the womb, I considered all generations of these Gods in order.
     A hundred iron fortresses confined me but forth I flew with rapid speed as a Falcon.

2. fetus, embryo
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.29.2:

     अरण्योर्निहितो जातवेदा गर्भ इव सुधितो गर्भिणीषु।

     aráṇyorníhito jātávedā gárbha iva súdhito garbhíṇīṣu

     In the two fire-sticks Jātavedas lieth, just like the well-placed embryo in pregnant women.

3. child, offspring, brood (especially of birds)
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 10.73.2:

     अभीवृतेव ता महापदेन ध्वान्तात्प्रपित्वादुदरन्त गर्भाः॥

     abhī́vṛteva tā́ mahāpadéna dhvāntā́tprapitvā́dúdaranta gárbhāḥ.

     As if encompassed by the Mighty-footed, from darkness, near at hand, forth came the Children.

4. the inside, middle or interior of anything
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

• गर्भिणी (garbhíṇī, “pregnant”)
• सगर्भ्य (ságarbhya, “full-blooded brother”)

• Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪 (gabbha)
• ⇒ Maharastri Prakrit: *𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪-𑀅 (*gabbha-a)
  • Old Marathi:

    Devanagari script: गाभा (gābhā)

    Modi script: 𑘐𑘰𑘥𑘰 (gābhā)

    • Marathi: गाभा (gābhā)
• Paisaci Prakrit:
  • Punjabi: ਗੱਭ (gabbha, “middle”)
• Pali: gabbha
• Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀕𑀩𑁆𑀪 (gabbha)
  • Hindi: गाभ (gābh, “pregnancy in animals”)
• → Hindi: गर्भ (garbh)
• → Kannada: ಗರ್ಭ (garbha)
• → Khmer: គភ៌ (kɔə)
• → Lao: ຄັນ (khan)
• → Tamil-Kannada: *karu (“embryo”)
  • Kannada: ಕರು (karu, “calf”)
  • Tamil: கரு (karu)
• → Telugu: గర్భము (garbhamu)
• → Thai: ครรภ์ (kan)

• “ग॑भ” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 150, column 1.
• Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893), “गर्भ”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 083
• Monier Williams (1899), “गर्भ”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 349, column 2.
• Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 284