वीर

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit वीर (vīra). Doublet of बीर (bīr).

Pronunciation
  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ʋiːɾ/
  • Rhymes: -iːɾ

Adjective

वीर • (vīr) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling ویر‎)

  1. heroic, brave

Noun

वीर • (vīr) m (Urdu spelling ویر‎)

  1. hero, fighter, one who is brave

Declension
Declension of वीर (masc cons-stem)
singular plural
direct वीर
vīr		 वीर
vīr
oblique वीर
vīr		 वीरों
vīrõ
vocative वीर
vīr		 वीरो
vīro

Kashmiri

Noun

वीर • (wīr) m (Perso-Arabic ویٖر‎)

  1. a hero

Noun

वीर • (wīr) f (Perso-Arabic ویٖر‎)

  1. white willow (Salix alba)

Pali

Alternative forms
Alternative forms
  • vīra (Latin script)
  • 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (Brahmi script)
  • ৰীর (Bengali script)
  • වීර (Sinhalese script)
  • ဝီရ or ဝဳရ (Burmese script)
  • วีร or วีระ (Thai script)
  • ᩅᩦᩁ (Tai Tham script)
  • ວີຣ or ວີຣະ (Lao script)
  • វីរ (Khmer script)
  • 𑅇𑄩𑄢 (Chakma script)

Adjective

वीर

  1. Devanagari script form of vīra

Noun

वीर m

  1. Devanagari script form of vīra

Sanskrit

Alternative forms
Alternative scripts
  • ᬯᬷᬭ (Balinese script)
  • ৱীৰ (Assamese script)
  • বীর (Bengali script)
  • 𑰪𑰱𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
  • 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (Brahmi script)
  • 𑌵𑍀𑌰 (Grantha script)
  • વીર (Gujarati script)
  • ਵੀਰ (Gurmukhi script)
  • ꦮꦷꦫ (Javanese script)
  • វីរ (Khmer script)
  • ವೀರ (Kannada script)
  • ວີຣ (Lao script)
  • വീര (Malayalam script)
  • 𑘪𑘲𑘨 (Modi script)
  • ᠸᢈᢈᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
  • ᠸᡳᡳᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
  • ဝီရ (Burmese script)
  • 𑧊𑧓𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
  • 𑐰𑐷𑐬 (Newa script)
  • ଵୀର (Oriya script)
  • ꢮꢷꢬ (Saurashtra script)
  • 𑆮𑆵𑆫 (Sharada script)
  • 𑖪𑖱𑖨 (Siddham script)
  • වීර (Sinhalese script)
  • వీర (Telugu script)
  • วีร (Thai script)
  • ཝཱི་ར (Tibetan script)
  • 𑒫𑒲𑒩 (Tirhuta script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wiHrás (“man”), from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós (“man”).

Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬍𐬭𐬀‎ (vīra), Latin vir (“man”), Lithuanian výras, Old Irish fer, Gothic 𐍅𐌰𐌹𐍂 (wair), Old Norse verr, Old English wer (whence English wer).

Pronunciation

Noun

वीर • (vīrá) m

  1. a man, especially a brave or eminent man, hero, chief
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 6.7.3:
      त्वद्विप्रो जायते वाज्यग्ने त्वद्वीरासो अभिमातिषाहः ।
      tvadvipro jāyate vājyagne tvadvīrāso abhimātiṣāhaḥ .
      From thee, O Agni, springs the mighty singer, from thee come heroes who subdue the foeman.
  2. hero
  3. husband
  4. male child, son
  5. the male of an animal
  6. heroism

Declension
Masculine a-stem declension of वीर (vīrá)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative वीरः
vīráḥ		 वीरौ
vīraú		 वीराः / वीरासः¹
vīrā́ḥ / vīrā́saḥ¹
Vocative वीर
vī́ra		 वीरौ
vī́rau		 वीराः / वीरासः¹
vī́rāḥ / vī́rāsaḥ¹
Accusative वीरम्
vīrám		 वीरौ
vīraú		 वीरान्
vīrā́n
Instrumental वीरेण
vīréṇa		 वीराभ्याम्
vīrā́bhyām		 वीरैः / वीरेभिः¹
vīraíḥ / vīrébhiḥ¹
Dative वीराय
vīrā́ya		 वीराभ्याम्
vīrā́bhyām		 वीरेभ्यः
vīrébhyaḥ
Ablative वीरात्
vīrā́t		 वीराभ्याम्
vīrā́bhyām		 वीरेभ्यः
vīrébhyaḥ
Genitive वीरस्य
vīrásya		 वीरयोः
vīráyoḥ		 वीराणाम्
vīrā́ṇām
Locative वीरे
vīré		 वीरयोः
vīráyoḥ		 वीरेषु
vīréṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic

Adjective

वीर • (vīrá)

  1. heroic, powerful, strong, excellent, eminent

Borrowed terms

Descendants
  • Dardic:
    • Dameli: [script needed] (bīra, “male, he-goat”)
    • Gawar-Bati: [script needed] (heriu, “husband”)
    • Kalami: [script needed] (bīr, “he-goat”)
    • Kalasha: [script needed] (bīra, “male, he-goat”), [script needed] (birãe, “male”)
    • Kashmiri: ویٖر‎ (vīr, “brave man”)
    • Kohistani Shina: [script needed] (bīro, “male”)
    • Northwest Pashayi: [script needed] (wīr, “man”)
    • Phalura: [script needed] (bhīrɔ̄, “male”), [script needed] (bhīro, “he-goat”)
    • Shina: [script needed] (bīro, “male”)
    • Tirahi: [script needed] (bir, “male”)
  • Helu Prakrit:
    • Dhivehi: ވީރު‎ (vīru, “man”)
    • Sinhalese: විරු (wiru, “man”)
  • Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (vīra)
    • Assamese: বিরা (bira, “evil spirit”)
    • Bengali: বীর (bīr, “hero”)
    • Maithili: बिर (bīr, “hero”)
  • Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (vīra)
  • Pali: vīra
  • Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀯𑀻𑀭 (vīra)
    • Gujarati: વીર (vīr), વીરૉ (vīrɔ, “brother (from a sister)”)
    • Hindi: बीर (bīr, “warrior”)
    • Kumaoni: बीर (bīr, “hero”)
    • Nepali: बिर (bir, “wild boar”)
    • Punjabi: ਵੀਰ (vīr, “hero”), ਬੀਰ (bīr, “brother (from a sister)”)
    • Sindhi: वीरु (vīru, “hero, demon”)

References
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “vīrá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
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