情態

See also: 情态

Chinese

		feeling; emotion; passion feeling; emotion; passion; situation	appearance; state; attitude appearance; state; attitude; (linguistics) voice
trad. (情態)		情	態
simp. (情态)		情	态

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): qíngtài

(Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄞˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): cing⁴ taai³
Min Nan (POJ): chêng-thài

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: qíngtài
  - Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥˊ ㄊㄞˋ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: cíngtài
  - Wade–Giles: chʻing²-tʻai⁴
  - Yale: chíng-tài
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chyngtay
  - Palladius: цинтай (cintaj)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiŋ³⁵ tʰaɪ̯⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: cing⁴ taai³
  - Yale: chìhng taai
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tsing⁴ taai³
  - Guangdong Romanization: qing⁴ tai³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɪŋ²¹ tʰaːi̯³³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chêng-thài
  - Tâi-lô: tsîng-thài
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zengtaix
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiɪŋ¹³⁻²² tʰai²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰai⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡ɕiɪŋ²⁴⁻²² tʰai²¹/

Middle Chinese: /d͡ziᴇŋ tʰʌiH/

Rime
Character	情	態
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	從 (15)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	清 (121)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	I
Fanqie	疾盈切	他代切
Baxter	dzjieng	thojH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡ziᴇŋ/	/tʰʌi^H/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡ziɛŋ/	/tʰəi^H/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡ziæŋ/	/tʰɒi^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡ziajŋ/	/tʰəj^H/
Li Rong	/d͡ziɛŋ/	/tʰᴀi^H/
Wang Li	/d͡zĭɛŋ/	/tʰɒi^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱi̯ɛŋ/	/tʰɑ̆i^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qíng	tài
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cing⁴	toi³

Old Chinese
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]eŋ n̥ˤə-s/

(Zhengzhang): /*zleŋ n̥ʰɯːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	情	態
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qíng	tài
Middle Chinese	‹ dzjeng ›	‹ thoj^H ›
Old Chinese	/*[dz]eŋ/	/*n̥ˁə-s/
English	affections; response to circumstances	bearing, manner
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	情	態
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11348	9410
Phonetic component	生	能
Rime group	耕	之
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	情	貸
Old Chinese	/*zleŋ/	/*n̥ʰɯːs/

Noun

情態

situation; condition; state
demeanor; spirit; mood
manner; style; modality
(literary) look or expression of a person; mien; bearing
(linguistics) modality

Synonyms

(situation):

Synonyms of 情態

光景 (guāngjǐng)
境地 (jìngdì) (chiefly undesirable)
境遇 (jìngyù) (usually negative)
局面 (júmiàn)
情境 (qíngjìng)
景象 (jǐngxiàng) (literary)
板面 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
事態／事态 (shìtài) (especially negative)
光陰／光阴 (guāngyīn) (Classical)
境況／境况 (jìngkuàng) (usually economic)

局勢／局势 (júshì)
形勢／形势 (xíngshì)
情勢／情势 (qíngshì)
情況／情况 (qíngkuàng)
情狀／情状 (qíngzhuàng) (literary)
情節／情节 (qíngjié) (of a crime or mistake)
景況／景况 (jǐngkuàng) (chiefly of an economy or individual)
模樣／模样 (múyàng)
樣子／样子 (yàngzi)
狀況／状况 (zhuàngkuàng)

(look):

神情 (shénqíng)
神色 (shénsè)
表情 (biǎoqíng)
面昌 (Min Nan)
面神 (Min Nan)

面色 (miànsè)
神態／神态 (shéntài)
臉相／脸相 (liǎnxiàng)
臉色／脸色 (liǎnsè)

Derived terms

情態動詞／情态动词 (qíngtài dòngcí)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (情態):

→ Japanese: 情(じょう)態(たい) (jōtai)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
情	態
じょう Grade: 5	たい Grade: 5
on’yomi

Pronunciation

(Tokyo) じょーたい [jòótáí] (Heiban – [0])[1]
IPA^(key): [d͡ʑo̞ːta̠i]

Noun

情(じょう)態(たい) • (jōtai)

(current) situation; condition, state
- 2007, 新時代日漢辭典／新时代日汉辞典 (Xīn Shídài Rì-hàn Cídiǎn), 1st edition, 大新書局／大新书局 (Dàxīn Shūjú), →ISBN:
  
  この状(じょう)態(たい)では明日(あす)は出(しゅっ)発(ぱつ)できない
  kono jōtai deha asu wa shuppatsu dekinai
  In this current condition, it's not possible to depart tomorrow

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

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