斧

斧 U+65A7, 斧
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-65A7
← 斦
[U+65A6] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 斨 →
[U+65A8]

Translingual

Han character

斧 (Kangxi radical 69, 斤+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 金大竹一中 (CKHML), four-corner 80221, composition ⿱父斤)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 479, character 8
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13539
  • Dae Jaweon: page 838, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2023, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+65A7

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 斧

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (父) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
抪 *paː, *paːs
布 *paːs
佈 *paːs
怖 *pʰaːs
斧 *paʔ
父 *paʔ, *baʔ
蚥 *paʔ, *baʔ
滏 *baʔ
釜 *baʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *paʔ) : phonetic 父 (OC *paʔ, *baʔ) + semantic 斤 (“axe”)

Etymology

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-pʷa (“axe”) (STEDT). Cognate with Garo rua (“axe”), Jingpho nwa, ningwa (“axe”), Tangut 𘟬 (*wjị¹, “axe”), Japhug tɯrpa (“axe”).

Pronunciation

Note:
  • bu2 - vernacular;
  • fu2 - literary.
Note:
  • Sixian:
    • pú - vernacular;
    • fú - literary.
Note:
  • bū - vernacular;
  • hǔ - literary.
  • Min Dong
    • (Fuzhou)
      • Bàng-uâ-cê: puō / hū
      • Sinological IPA (key): /pʰuo³³/, /hu³³/
Note:
  • puō - vernacular;
  • hū - literary.
Note:
  • pó͘/phú - vernacular;
  • hú - literary.
Rime
Character 斧
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 虞 (24)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 方矩切
Baxter pjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pɨoX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /pioX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /pioX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /puə̆X/
Li
Rong		 /pioX/
Wang
Li		 /pĭuX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pi̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 fǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 fu2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 斧
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 fǔ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ pjuX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*p(r)aʔ/
English axe

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 斧
Reading # 1/1
No. 3499
Phonetic
component		 父
Rime
group		 魚
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 甫
Old
Chinese		 /*paʔ/

Definitions

斧

  1. axe; hatchet

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 斧子 (“axe; hatchet”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 斧
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 斧子, 斧頭
Mandarin Beijing 斧子
Taiwan 斧頭
Harbin 斧子
Yantai (Muping) 斧子
Jinan 斧子
Luoyang 斧
Wanrong 斧
Xi'an 斧頭
Yinchuan 斧頭
Lanzhou 斧頭
Xining 斧頭
Ürümqi 斧頭
Wuhan 斧頭
Chengdu 斧頭, 開山兒, 貓耳
Guiyang 斧頭
Liuzhou 斧頭
Xuzhou 斧子, 斧頭
Yangzhou 斧頭, 大斧
Nanjing 斧子
Hefei 斧頭
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 斧頭
Cantonese Guangzhou 斧頭
Hong Kong 斧頭
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 斧頭
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 斧頭
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 斧頭
Taishan 斧頭
Dongguan 斧頭
Yangjiang 斧頭
Nanning 斧頭
Hepu (Lianzhou) 斧頭
Danzhou 手斧
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 斧頭
Gan Nanchang 斧頭
Lichuan 斧頭
Pingxiang 斧頭
Hakka Meixian 斧頭
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 斧頭
Wuhua (Huacheng) 斧頭
Wuhua (Changbu) 斧頭
Wuhua (Mianyang) 斧頭
Jiexi 斧頭
Yudu 斧頭
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 斧頭
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 斧頭
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 斧頭
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 斧頭
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 斧頭
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 斧頭
Hong Kong 斧頭
Sabah (Longchuan) 斧頭
Senai (Huiyang) 斧頭
Huizhou Jixi 斧頭
Jin Taiyuan 斧子, 斧頭
Pingyao 斧子
Xinzhou 斧子
Hohhot 斧子
Min Bei Jian'ou 斧頭
Min Dong Fuzhou 斧頭
Min Nan Xiamen 斧頭
Quanzhou 斧, 斧頭
Kaohsiung 斧頭
Yilan 斧頭
Changhua (Lukang) 斧頭
Taichung 斧頭
Taichung (Wuqi) 斧頭
Tainan 斧頭
Taitung 斧頭
Hsinchu 斧頭
Penghu (Magong) 斧頭
Chaozhou 斧頭
Shantou 斧頭
Bangkok (Teochew) 斧頭
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 斧頭
Wenchang 斧
Haikou 斧
Zhongshan Min Sanxiang 斧頭
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 斧頭
Shehua Fu'an 斧頭
Fuding 斧頭
Sanming 斧頭
Shunchang 斧頭
Hua'an 斧頭
Guixi (Zhangping) 斧頭
Cangnan 斧頭
Longyou 斧頭
Chaozhou 斧頭
Fengshun 斧頭
Wu Shanghai 斧頭
Shanghai (Chongming) 斧頭
Suzhou 斧頭
Danyang 大斧, 斧頭
Hangzhou 斧頭
Ningbo 斧頭
Wenzhou 斧頭
Jinhua 斧頭
Xiang Changsha 斧頭, 開山子, 開山
Loudi 貓頭, 開山子
Shuangfeng 貓頭, 斧頭, 開山子

Compounds
  • 伐性之斧
  • 刀切斧砍
  • 刀斧手 (dāofǔshǒu)
  • 大斧 (dàfǔ)
  • 大斧劈
  • 小斧劈
  • 投斧
  • 提刀弄斧
  • 操斧伐柯
  • 斤斧
  • 斧依
  • 斧冰
  • 斧削
  • 斧子 (fǔzi)
  • 斧政
  • 斧足綱／斧足纲
  • 斧鉞／斧钺 (fǔyuè)
  • 斧鉞湯鑊／斧钺汤镬
  • 斧鑕／斧锧
  • 斧鑿／斧凿
  • 斧鑿痕／斧凿痕
  • 斧頭／斧头 (fǔtóu)
  • 水斧蟲／水斧虫
  • 燭影斧聲／烛影斧声
  • 班門弄斧／班门弄斧 (bānménnòngfǔ)
  • 碪斧／砧斧
  • 資斧／资斧
  • 開山斧／开山斧
  • 開心斧／开心斧

Japanese
斧

Kanji
斧

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

Readings
  • Go-on: ふ (fu)
  • Kan-on: ふ (fu)
  • Kun: おの (ono, 斧)←をの (wono, 斧, historical)

Compounds

Etymology
Kanji in this term
斧
おの
Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

From Proto-Japonic *wənə. Cognate with Yonaguni 斧 (ぶぬ, bunu).

Pronunciation

Noun

斧(おの) • (ono) ←をの (wono)?

  1. axe
    • 1079, Konkōmyō Saishōōkyō Ongi (page 9 (back))
      斧 乎乃
    • 2008 March 15, “アックス・レイダー [Axe Raider]”, in STARTER(スターター) DECK(デッキ), Konami:
      オノを持(も)つ戦(せん)士(し)。片(かた)手(て)でオノを振(ふ)り回(まわ)す攻(こう)撃(げき)はかなり強(つよ)い。
      Ono o motsu senshi. Katate de ono o furimawasu kōgeki wa kanari tsuyoi.
      An axe-wielding warrior. He swings his axe with only one arm, yet he can deal quite some heavy blows.

References
  • Tsukishima, Hiroshi (1079) Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 12: Konkōmyō Saishōōkyō Ongi (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Kyūko Shoin, published 1979, →ISBN.

Korean

Hanja

斧 • (bu) (hangeul 부)

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Vietnamese

Han character

斧: Hán Việt readings: phủ
斧: Nôm readings: búa

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