栴檀

Chinese
phonetic
simp. and trad.
(栴檀)		 栴 檀
alternative forms 旃檀

Etymology

Ultimately from Sanskrit चन्दन (candana, “sandalwood”), possibly via a Prakrit with syncope of the unstable final -a (see Bailey, 1946); cf. cognate in Tocharian B cantāṃ.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 栴 檀
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 章 (23) 定 (7)
Final (韻) 仙 (77) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III I
Fanqie 諸延切 徒干切
Baxter tsyien dan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ɕiᴇn/ /dɑn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡ɕiɛn/ /dɑn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ɕjæn/ /dɑn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /cian/ /dan/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ɕiɛn/ /dɑn/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ɕĭɛn/ /dɑn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡ɕi̯ɛn/ /dʱɑn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhān tán
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 zin1 taan4

Noun

栴檀

  1. sandalwood
  2. bead tree

Synonyms
  • (sandalwood): 檀香 (tánxiāng)
  • (bead tree):
Dialectal synonyms of 楝 (“bead tree”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 楝, 楝樹, 苦楝, 苦楝樹
Mandarin Taiwan 苦楝, 苦楝樹, 楝樹, 苦苓
Yantai (Muping) 苦楝子
Jinan 苦楝子
Luoyang 楝樹
Xi'an 苦楝子樹
Wuhan 楝樹
Chengdu 苦楝子
Guiyang 苦楝子
Liuzhou 苦楝樹
Xuzhou 楝棗子, 楝棗樹
Yangzhou 楝樹, 苦楝樹
Nanjing 楝樹, 苦楝樹, 苦楝
Cantonese Guangzhou 森樹
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 苦楝
Macau 苦楝
Guangzhou (Panyu) 森樹
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 苦楝
Guangzhou (Conghua) 苦楝樹
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 森樹
Foshan 森樹
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 森樹
Foshan (Shunde) 森樹
Foshan (Sanshui) 森樹
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 古楝
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 森樹
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 苦楝樹
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 森樹
Zhuhai (Doumen) 森樹
Jiangmen (Baisha) 森樹
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 苦楝
Taishan 苦楝
Enping (Niujiang) 苦楝
Heshan (Yayao) 苦楝
Dongguan 火楝樹
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 火楝樹
Qingyuan 森樹
Fogang 苦楝, 森木
Yingde (Hanguang) 苦楝樹
Yangshan 苦楝樹
Lianshan (Butian) 苦楝
Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 苦楝
Shaoguan 苦楝樹
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 苦楝樹
Renhua 苦楝樹
Lechang 苦楝樹
Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 苦林森
Sihui 苦楝樹
Guangning 火楝樹
Deqing 森木樹
Huaiji 火楝杵
Fengkai (Nanfeng) 苦楝
Yunfu 苦楝森
Xinxing 苦楝森
Luoding 苦楝
Yunan (Pingtai) 禾鐮樹
Xinyi 苦楝木
Gan Nanchang 苦楝子樹
Lichuan 苦楝樹
Pingxiang 苦楝子樹
Hakka Meixian 苦楝樹
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 苦楝樹
Dongguan (Qingxi) 苦楝樹
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 苦楝樹
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 鴨仔樹
Conghua (Lütian) 苦楝
Yudu 苦楝樹, 麻風樹
Ruijin 苦楝樹
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 苦楝樹, 苦楝
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 苦楝
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 苦楝樹, 苦楝
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 苦楝樹, 苦楝
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 苦楝樹, 苦楝
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 苦楝樹, 苦楝
Huizhou Jixi 苦楝樹
Jin Taiyuan 苦楝樹
Min Dong Fuzhou 苦楝
Min Nan Zhangzhou 楝少仔
Taipei 苦楝
New Taipei (Sanxia) 苦楝
Kaohsiung 苦楝仔
Yilan 苦楝
Changhua (Lukang) 苦楝
Taichung 苦楝仔
Tainan 苦楝
Hsinchu 苦楝仔
Kinmen 苦楝
Penghu (Magong) 苦楝
Jieyang 苦楝
Leizhou 苦楝樹
Haikou 苦楝樹
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 森木
Sanxiang 森木, 森木樹
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 苦楝根
Wu Shanghai 楝樹
Shanghai (Chongming) 楝樹
Hangzhou 楝樹
Ningbo 楝樹
Wenzhou 苦楝樹
Jinhua 楝樹
Xiang Changsha 苦楝子樹

Japanese
Kanji in this term
栴 檀
せん
Hyōgaiji		 だん
Jinmeiyō
on’yomi

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) せんだん [sèńdáń] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [sẽ̞ndã̠ɴ]

Noun

栴(せん)檀(だん) • (sendan) 

  1. bead tree (Melia azedarach)

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
栴檀

Noun

栴檀 • (jeondan) (hangeul 전단)

  1. Hanja form? of 전단 (“(Buddhism) sandalwood”).
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