自主

Chinese

		from; self; oneself from; self; oneself; since	to own; to host; master to own; to host; master; lord; primary
simp. and trad. (自主)		自	主

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zìzhǔ

(Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄓㄨˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zi⁶ zyu²
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chū-chú / chīr-chú

(Teochew, Peng'im): ze⁶ zu²

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: zìzhǔ
  - Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄓㄨˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: zìhjhǔ
  - Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-chu³
  - Yale: dz̀-jǔ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhjuu
  - Palladius: цзычжу (czyčžu)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: zi⁶ zyu²
  - Yale: jih jyú
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶ dzy²
  - Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶ ju²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²² t͡ʃyː³⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-chú
  - Tâi-lô: tsū-tsú
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zuxzuo
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ t͡su⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡su²²⁻²¹ t͡su⁵³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chīr-chú
  - Tâi-lô: tsīr-tsú
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɯ⁴¹⁻²² t͡su⁵⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: ze⁶ zu²
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsṳ̆ tsú
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡su⁵²/

Verb

自主

to take the initiative; to act autonomously; to have self-determination
自主創業／自主创业 ― zìzhǔ chuàngyè ― self-employment

Derived terms

不由自主 (bùyóuzìzhǔ)
獨立自主／独立自主 (dúlìzìzhǔ)
自主創新／自主创新 (zìzhǔ chuàngxīn)

自主權／自主权 (zìzhǔquán)
自主神經系統／自主神经系统 (zìzhǔ shénjīng xìtǒng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (自主):

→ Japanese: 自主(じしゅ) (jishu)
→ Korean: 자주(自主) (jaju)
→ Vietnamese: tự chủ (自主)

Adjective

自主

(medicine, attributive) autonomic

Japanese

Kanji in this term
自	主
じ Grade: 2	しゅ Grade: 3
on’yomi

Pronunciation

On’yomi

IPA^(key): [(d͡)ʑiɕɨᵝ]

Noun

自(じ)主(しゅ) • (jishu)

autonomy, independence

Antonyms

隷従(れいじゅう) (reijū, “servility, servitude”)

Derived terms

自主的(じしゅてき) (jishuteki, “autonomous”)
自主権(じしゅけん) (jishuken)
自主性(じしゅせい) (jishusei)

Korean

Hanja in this term
自	主

Noun

自主 • (jaju) (hangeul 자주)

Hanja form^? of 자주 (“independence; autonomy”).

Vietnamese

Hán tự in this term
自	主

Verb

自主

chữ Hán form of tự chủ (“to be in possession of oneself; to self-control”).

Adjective

自主

chữ Hán form of tự chủ (“independent; self-supporting”).

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