蝙蝠

Chinese
bat
trad. (蝙蝠) 蝙 蝠
simp. #(蝙蝠) 蝙 蝠
alternative forms 𧓧蝮 archaic

Etymology

An alliterative augmentation of 蝠 (OC *pɯɡ, “bat”), from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *baːk (“bat”). Cognate with Mizo bâk (“bat”).

Pronunciation

Note: bin1 fuk1, bin2 fuk1 - rare.
Rime
Character 蝙 蝠
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial (聲) 幫 (1) 幫 (1)
Final (韻) 先 (85) 東 (4)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) IV III
Fanqie 布玄切 方六切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /pen/ /pɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun		 /pen/ /piuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen		 /pɛn/ /piuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /pɛn/ /puwk̚/
Li
Rong		 /pen/ /piuk̚/
Wang
Li		 /pien/ /pĭuk̚/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /pien/ /pi̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 biān fu
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 bin1 fuk1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蝙 蝠
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 725 3398
Phonetic
component		 扁 畐
Rime
group		 元 職
Rime
subdivision		 2 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 邊 福
Old
Chinese		 /*peːn/ /*pɯɡ/
蝙蝠

Noun

蝙蝠

  1. bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 蝙蝠 (“bat (animal)”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 蝠, 蝙蝠, 服翼 E, 飛鼠 E, 老鼠 E, 仙鼠 E, 蟙䘃 Northern Yan
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 蝙蝠
Taxonomic name 蝙蝠
Mandarin Beijing 燕麼虎兒, 燕麼虎子, 燕麼虎, 蝙蝠兒
Taiwan 蝙蝠
Tianjin 燕巴虎兒, 簷老鼠
Ulanhot 燕別咕
Tongliao 燕別咕
Chifeng 燕蝙虎
Bayanhot 夜蝙蝠
Hulunbuir (Hailar) 燕別咕
Harbin 燕別咕, 燕別蝠
Shenyang 燕別蝠
Yantai (Muping) 元寶戶兒
Qingdao 蝙蝠兒
Jinan 簷壁蝠子, 簷壁虎 suburban
Luoyang 夜鱉胡
Wanrong 夜蝙蟲
Zhengzhou 鹽變呼
Xi'an 夜標虎, 夜標虎兒
Yinchuan 夜蝙蝠
Lanzhou 夜蝙蝠
Xining 夜百風
Ürümqi 鴷蝙蝠
Wuhan 簷老鼠, 簷鼠佬
Huanggang 簷老鼠
Chengdu 簷老鼠兒, 夜壁蝠兒, 蝙蝠
Guiyang 夜老鼠, 鹽老鼠
Kunming 夜壁蝠
Guilin 老鼠
Guanyang 人老鼠
Pingle 飛鼠
Liuzhou 飛鼠
Luzhai 簷飛鼠
Yangzhou 壁蝠子
Nanjing 蝙蝠
Hefei 壁蝠, 簷老鼠
Nantong 偷油老鼠, 油老鼠
Yanping 蝙蝠
Singapore 蝙蝠
Cantonese Guangzhou 蝠鼠, 飛鼠
Hong Kong 蝙蝠, 蝠鼠, 飛鼠
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 蝠鼠, 盲老鼠
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 飛鼠
Macau 蝙蝠
Guangzhou (Panyu) 飛鼠, 蝠鼠
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 飛鼠
Guangzhou (Conghua) 飛鼠
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 飛鼠, 蝠鼠
Foshan 飛鼠, 蝠鼠
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 飛鼠
Foshan (Shunde) 蝠鼠
Foshan (Sanshui) 飛鼠
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 蝠鼠
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 飛鼠
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 飛鼠
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 飛鼠
Zhuhai (Doumen) 飛鼠
Jiangmen (Baisha) 飛鼠
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 飛鼠
Taishan 飛鼠
Kaiping (Chikan) 飛鼠
Enping (Niujiang) 飛鼠
Heshan (Yayao) 飛鼠
Dongguan 蝠鼠, 飛鼠
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 麻洲鼠
Shaoguan 飛鼠
Yunfu 飛鼠
Yangjiang 蝠鼠, 飛鼠
Xinyi 飛鼠
Lianjiang 飛鼠
Nanning 飛鼠
Hepu (Lianzhou) 飛鼠
Hepu (Shatian) 飛鼠
Beihai 蝠鼠
Beihai (Nankang) 飛鼠
Beihai (Yingpan) 飛鼠
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 飛鼠
Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 餿鼠
Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 灰鼠
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 飛鼠, 蝠鼠
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 蝠鼠
Móng Cái 蝠鼠
Gan Nanchang 簷老鼠, 蝙蝠
Lichuan 簷老鼠
Pingxiang 簷老鼠
Guixi 皮皮老鼠
Hakka Meixian 蝠婆仔
Xingning 蝠婆哩
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 飛鼠
Huidong (Daling) 蚊鼠
Dongguan (Qingxi) 蝠婆
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 蝠婆
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 飛鼠
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 蝠婆哩
Wuhua (Huacheng) 蝠婆哩
Wuhua (Changbu) 蝠婆哩
Wuhua (Mianyang) 蝠婆
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 飛鼠
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 飛鼠
Conghua (Lütian) 飛鼠
Changting 調簷老鼠
Wuping 婢婆子
Wuping (Pingyu) 蝠婆子
Liancheng 簷老鼠
Ninghua 簷老鼠
Yudu 琵琶老鼠
Ruijin 簷老鼠
Shicheng 簷老鼠
Shangyou (Shexi) 琵琶老鼠
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 蝙蝠, 蝠婆, 蝠婆仔
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 蝙蝠, 蝠婆, 蝠婆仔
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 蝙蝠, 蝠婆
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 蝙蝠, 蝠婆
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 蝠婆, 蝠婆仔
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 蝠婆
Hong Kong 蝠婆, 蚊鼠
Sabah (Longchuan) 蝠婆, 蝠婆仔
Senai (Huiyang) 蝠婆
Singkawang 蝠婆
Huizhou Jixi 飛行老鼠, 天行老鼠
Shexian 偷油燕, 偷油老鼠, 陌翼老鼠
Tunxi 拉叭布翼
Jin Taiyuan 夜壁蝠
Xinzhou 夜蝙蝠
Taibus (Baochang) 夜蝙蝠
Linhe 夜蝙蝠兒
Jining 夜蝙蝠
Hohhot 夜蝙蝠兒
Baotou 夜蝙蝠
Dongsheng 夜蝙蝠兒
Haibowan 夜蝙蝠兒
Min Bei Jian'ou 比婆, 蝙蝠
Jian'ou (Dikou) 比婆
Zhenghe (Zhenqian) 屄婆
Pucheng (Shibei) 碑婆
Min Dong Fuzhou 琵琶兜壁, 蝙蝠, 野燕
Fuqing 蝙蝠
Min Nan Xiamen 密婆, 日婆, 夜婆
Quanzhou 日婆
Jinjiang 日婆
Yongchun 密婆
Dehua 密婆
Zhangzhou 密婆
Zhangzhou (Longhai) 密婆
Zhangzhou (Changtai) 密婆
Zhao'an 蝶婆仔
Taipei 日婆, 夜婆, 密婆
New Taipei (Sanxia) 密婆
Kaohsiung 夜婆仔, 密婆
Yilan 密婆, 夜婆
Changhua (Lukang) 夜婆
Taichung 日婆
Taichung (Wuqi) 夜婆
Tainan 夜婆, 密婆
Taitung 夜婆
Hsinchu 夜婆
Kinmen 月婆, 密婆, 夜婆
Penghu (Magong) 蝙蝠, 密婆
Penang (Hokkien) 密婆
Singapore (Hokkien) 密婆
Manila (Hokkien) 蝙蝠, 日婆
Longyan 密婆仔
Pingnan (Shangdu) 飛鼠
Chaozhou 密婆
Shantou 蝠婆, 密婆
Shantou (Chenghai) 蝠婆
Jieyang 密婆
Haifeng 密婆, 夜婆
Bangkok (Teochew) 蝙蝠
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 密婆
Pontianak (Teochew) 密婆
Leizhou 飛鼠
Wenchang 飛鼠, 蝠鼠
Haikou 飛鼠, 佛鼠
Puxian Min Putian 老歙
Xianyou 廬鼠婆
Min Zhong Yong'an 卑婆燕, 老鼠燕
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 飛鼠
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 飛鼠
Wu Shanghai 蝙蝠
Suzhou 蝙蝠子
Wuxi 蝙蝠
Danyang 蝙蝠, 蝙蝠蝠
Hangzhou 蝙蝠, 蝙蝠兒
Ningbo 蝙蝠老鼠, 蝙蝠
Wenzhou 皮翼, 老鼠皮翼
Jinhua 老鼠皮翼
Xiang Changsha 簷老鼠
Xiangtan 簷老鼠
Loudi 簷老鼠
Shuangfeng 簷老鼠
Note E - east of Hangu Pass

Derived terms
  • 紅蝙蝠／红蝙蝠
  • 蝙蝠不自見，笑他梁上燕／蝙蝠不自见，笑他梁上燕
  • 蝙蝠俠／蝙蝠侠 (Biānfúxiá)

Descendants
Sino-Xenic (蝙蝠):
  • → Japanese: 蝙蝠(へんぷく) (henpuku)
  • → Korean: 편복(蝙蝠) (pyeonbok)

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
蝙 蝠
こうもり
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji
jukujikun

/kapapori/ → /kafabori/ → /kawabori/ → /kaumori/ → /kɔːmori/ → /koːmori/

Alteration of kawahori,[1][2] or kawabori (see below).

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 蝙蝠.

Pronunciation

Noun

蝙蝠(こうもり) • (kōmori) ←かうもり (kaumori)?

  1. a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)
    • 1999 May 25, “バット [Bat]”, in BOOSTER 2, Konami:
      左(さ)右(ゆう)のハネに搭(とう)載(さい)された爆(ばく)弾(だん)を落(お)としてくるメカコウモリ。
      Sayū no hane ni tōsai sareta bakudan o otoshite kuru meka-kōmori.
      A mecha-bat that drops bombs from its two wings.
    Synonyms: 蚊食い鳥 (kakuidori), 天鼠 (tenso), バット (batto), 飛鼠 (hiso)
  2. an opportunist
  3. Short for 蝙蝠傘 (kōmori-gasa): a Western-style umbrella
  4. Short for 蝙蝠羽織 (kōmori-baori): a haori with long sleeves similar to the wings of a bat
Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as コウモリ.

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 蝙蝠(コウモリ)蛾(ガ) (kōmoriga, “swift moth”, Endoclita excrescens)
  • 蝙蝠(コウモリ)楓(カエデ) (kōmori kaede)
  • 蝙蝠(こうもり)傘(がさ) (kōmori-gasa)
  • 蝙蝠(コウモリ)葛(カズラ) (kōmori kazura)
  • 蝙蝠(コウモリ)羊歯(シダ) (kōmori shida)
  • 蝙蝠(コウモリ)草(ソウ) (kōmorisō)
  • 蝙蝠(コウモリ)壁蝨(ダニ) (kōmori dani)
  • 蝙蝠(こうもり)の翼(つばさ) (kōmori no tsubasa)
  • 蝙蝠(コウモリ)蠅(バエ) (kōmoribae)
  • 蝙蝠(こうもり)羽(ば)織(おり) (kōmori-baori)
  • 蝙蝠(こうもり)半纏(ばんてん) (kōmori-banten)
  • 油(アブラ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (abura-kōmori), 家(イエ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (ie-kōmori)
  • 荒(アラ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (arakōmori)
  • 魚食(ウオクイ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (uokui kōmori)
  • 兎(ウサギ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (usagi-kōmori)
  • 馬面(ウマズラ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (umazura kōmori)
  • 大(オオ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (ōkōmori, “megabat, flying fox”)
  • 大(オオ)葉(バコ)蝙蝠(ウモリ) (ōbako umori)
  • 神楽(カグラ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (kagura kōmori)
  • 蟹(カニ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (kani-kōmori)
  • 菊(キク)頭(ガシラ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (kikugashira kōmori)
  • 頸(クビ)輪(ワ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (kubiwa kōmori)
  • 黒赤(クロアカ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (kuroaka kōmori)
  • 挿(サシ)尾蝙蝠(オコウモリ) (sashio kōmori)
  • 皿持(サラモチ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (saramochi kōmori)
  • 吸付(スイツキ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (suitsuki kōmori)
  • 血(チ)吸(スイ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (chisui kōmori), 吸(キュウ)血(ケツ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (kyūketsu kōmori, “vampire bat”)
  • 秩父(チチブ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (Chichibu kōmori)
  • 天(テン)狗(グ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (tengu kōmori)
  • 雛(ヒナ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (hinakōmori)
  • 豚(ブタ)鼻(バナ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (butabana kōmori, “Kitti's hog-nosed bat”)
  • 篦(ヘラ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (hera kōmori)
  • 頬髯(ホホヒゲ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (hohohige kōmori), 頬髯(ホオヒゲ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (hōhige kōmori, “whiskered bat”)
  • マレーフルーツ蝙蝠(コウモリ) (Marē furūtsu kōmori)
  • 溝(ミゾ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (mizo kōmori)
  • 耳(ミミ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (mimikōmori)
  • 股白(モモジロ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (momojiro kōmori)
  • 山(ヤマ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (yama kōmori)
  • 指長(ユビナガ)蝙蝠(コウモリ) (yubinaga kōmori)
Proverbs
Proverbs

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
蝙 蝠
かわほり
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji
jukujikun

/kapapori/ → /kafafori/ → /kawahori/

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[4]

Ultimate derivation unclear, appears to be derived from a compound.

Likely from 皮, 革 (kawa, “leather, skin”) + an unknown component hori.

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 蝙蝠.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [ka̠ɰᵝa̠ho̞ɾʲi]

Noun

蝙蝠(かわほり) • (kawahori) ←かはほり (kafafori)?
(alternative reading hiragana かわぼり, rōmaji kawabori, historical hiragana かはぼり)

  1. (archaic) a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)
  2. Short for 蝙蝠扇 (kawahori-ōgi): a paper folding fan
  3. Short for 蝙蝠羽織 (kawahori-baori): a haori with long sleeves similar to the wings of a bat
Derived terms
Derived terms

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
蝙 蝠
へん
Hyōgaiji		 ふく > ぷく
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 蝙蝠 (MC pen pɨuk̚).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) へんぷく [hèńpúkú] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [hẽ̞mpɯ̟ᵝkɯ̟ᵝ]

Noun

蝙(へん)蝠(ぷく) • (henpuku) 

  1. a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  4. “蝙蝠”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, →ISBN

Korean
Hanja in this term
蝙蝠

Noun

蝙蝠 • (pyeonbok) (hangeul 편복)

  1. Hanja form? of 편복 (“bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)”).

Okinawan

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 蝙蝠 (kōmori).

Noun

蝙蝠 (hiragana かーぶやー, rōmaji kābuyā)

  1. a bat (small flying mammal of order Chiroptera)
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