鍛冶

See also: 锻冶

Chinese

		forge; wrought; to discipline	smelt
trad. (鍛冶)		鍛	冶
simp. (锻冶)		锻	冶

鍛冶

Sino-Xenic (鍛冶):

⟨kana uti⟩ → ⟨kanuti⟩ → */kaᶮdi/ → /kad͡ʑi/ → /kaʑi/

Shift from Old Japanese 鍛 (kanuti, modern pronunciation kanuchi, literally “forging, smithing”), equivalent to a compound of 金 (kana, ancient combining form of kane, “metal”) +‎ 打ち (uchi, “striking”).[1][2][3]

The kanji spelling is an orthographic borrowing from Chinese 鍛冶／锻冶 (duànyě).

鍛冶(かじ) • (kaji) ^{←かぢ (kadi)^?}

forging, smithing
鍛冶(かじ)の神(かみ)、パーフォロス ― Kaji no Kami, Pāforosu ― Purphoros, God of the Forge
a metalsmith, smith
Synonym: 鍛冶屋 (kajiya)
(historical) Short for 鍛冶司 (kaji no tsukasa): the official imperial court metalsmith or overseer of metalsmiths in the 律令 (Ritsuryō) system of ancient Japan

鍛冶(かじ)神(しん) (Kajishin)
鍛冶(かじの)司(つかさ) (kaji no tsukasa)
鍛冶(かじ)屋(や) (kajiya)
鍛冶(かじ)橋(ばし)狩野(かのう) (Kajibashi Kanō, one of the four Kanō schools in the Edo Period, founded by Kanō Tan'yū)
鍛冶(かじ)橋(ばし)門(もん) (Kajibashi Mon, one of the gates in the Edo city walls)
鍛冶(かじ)始(はじ)め (kajihajime, “first smithing work of the year”)
鍛冶(かじ)匠(たくみ) (kajitakumi, “professional smith, master smith”)
鍛冶(かじ)場(ば) (kajiba, “smithy, a forge”)
鍛冶(かじ)炭(ずみ) (kajizumi, “soft charcoal used for smithing”)
鍛冶(かじ)町(ちょう) (Kajichō, placename in Chiyoda Ward, Tokyo; from land gifted to noted smiths in the Edo period)
鍛冶(かじ)被(かぶり) (kajikaburi, “cleaning cloth folded in half twice and worn on the head by a smith while working”)
鍛冶(かじ)者(しゃ) (kajisha, “smith”, rare)
鍛冶(かじ)師(し) (kajishi, “smith”)
大(おお)鍛冶(かじ) (ōkaji)
釘(くぎ)鍛冶(かじ) (kugikaji)
鍬(くわ)鍛冶(かじ) (kuwakaji)
小(こ)鍛冶(かじ) (Kokaji)
五(ご)鍛冶(かじ) (Go Kaji)
御(ご)番(ばん)鍛冶(かじ) (goban kaji), 番(ばん)鍛冶(かじ) (ban kaji)
鉄(てっ)砲(ぽう)鍛冶(かじ) (teppō kaji)
野(の)鍛冶(かじ) (nokaji)
大和(やまと)鍛冶(かじ) (Yamato kaji)

鍛冶(かじ)の明日(あした)に紺屋(こんや)の明後日(あさって) (kaji no ashita ni kon'ya no asatte, “a smith's tomorrow, but a dyer's day after tomorrow”, metaphor for someone who makes promises easily but always breaks them)

鍛冶(かじ) • (Kaji) ^{←かぢ (kadi)^?}

From Middle Chinese 鍛冶 (MC tuɑn^H jia^X, literally “forge + smelt”).

Compare modern Mandarin 锻冶 (duànyě).

鍛(たん)冶(や) • (tan'ya)

鍛(たん)冶(や)する • (tan'ya suru) suru (stem 鍛(たん)冶(や)し (tan'ya shi), past 鍛(たん)冶(や)した (tan'ya shita))

Conjugation of "鍛冶する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	鍛冶し	たんやし	tan'ya shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	鍛冶し	たんやし	tan'ya shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	鍛冶する	たんやする	tan'ya suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	鍛冶する	たんやする	tan'ya suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	鍛冶すれ	たんやすれ	tan'ya sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	鍛冶せよ¹ 鍛冶しろ²	たんやせよ¹ たんやしろ²	tan'ya seyo¹ tan'ya shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	鍛冶される	たんやされる	tan'ya sareru
Causative	鍛冶させる鍛冶さす	たんやさせるたんやさす	tan'ya saseru tan'ya sasu
Potential	鍛冶できる	たんやできる	tan'ya dekiru
Volitional	鍛冶しよう	たんやしよう	tan'ya shiyō
Negative	鍛冶しない	たんやしない	tan'ya shinai
Negative continuative	鍛冶せず	たんやせず	tan'ya sezu
Formal	鍛冶します	たんやします	tan'ya shimasu
Perfective	鍛冶した	たんやした	tan'ya shita
Conjunctive	鍛冶して	たんやして	tan'ya shite
Hypothetical conditional	鍛冶すれば	たんやすれば	tan'ya sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

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