閣下

閣下

1. (literary) Your Excellency; His or Her Excellency; Your Honour
2. (archaic) at the foot of a tower or pavilion

Originally a term of respect toward members of the nobility; became a more generic term of respect later on.

Literary Chinese 閣下

• On’yomi: Kan’on
• (Tokyo) か​っか [káꜜkkà] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [ka̠k̚ka̠]

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閣(かっ)下(か) • (kakka) ^{←かくか (kakuka)?}

1. (rare, attributive) down a noble's residential tower, looking up

   Coordinate terms: 猊下, 殿下, 陛下

2. Your Excellency; His Excellency; Her Excellency; Your Lordship; His Lordship; Your Ladyship; Her Ladyship; Your Grace; His Grace; Her Grace

   Coordinate terms: 猊下, 殿下, 陛下

   大(だい)統(とう)領(りょう)閣(かっ)下(か)

   Daitōryō Kakka

   His/Her Excellency the President; Mr./Madam President

   ヨーク公(こう)閣(かっ)下(か)

   Yōku Kō Kakka

   His Grace the Duke of York

   • 1986 January 10, Tsurugina, Mai; Katō, Tadashi, “MENU①　幻の料理人 [MENU① The Illusory Cook]”, in ザ・シェフ [The Chef], volume 1 (fiction), Tōkyō: Nihon Bungeisha, →ISBN, page 7:

     ようこそ大臣閣下　お待ち申しておりました

     Yō koso Daijin Kakka Omachimōshite orimashita

     Welcome, Mr. Minister. We’ve been looking forward to seeing you.

   • 1986 January 10, Tsurugina, Mai; Katō, Tadashi, “MENU①　幻の料理人 [MENU① The Illusory Cook]”, in ザ・シェフ [The Chef], volume 1 (fiction), Tōkyō: Nihon Bungeisha, →ISBN, page 8:

     今夜の晩餐(ディナー)は日本におけるフランス料理の第一人者当ホテルの下村総料理長(グランドシェフ)が腕によりをかけて料理いたします　閣下にはきっとご満足いただけるものと信じております

     Kon’ya no dinā wa Nihon ni okeru Furansu ryōri no daiichininsha tō-hoteru no Shimomura Gurando Shefu ga ude ni yori o kakete ryōri Kakka ni wa kitto gomanzoku itadakeru mono to shinjite orimasu

     Our top Japanese executive chef of French cuisine, Shimomura, will use his best efforts to prepare a good dinner tonight. I am confident you will receive the best service.

閣下 • (gakha) (hangeul 각하)

1. Hanja form^? of 각하 (“Excellency; President”).

閣下

1. chữ Hán form of các hạ (“(Chinese fiction, honorific) you”).