Ξέρξης

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Old Persian 𐎧𐏁𐎹𐎠𐎼𐏁𐎠 (x-š-y-a-r-š-a /Xšayāršā/), nominative singular of *Xšayā-ṛšān- (literally “ruling over heroes”)[1], from *xšay- (literally “to rule”) + *ṛšān- (hero).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ksérk.sɛːs/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkserk.se̝s/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkserk.sis/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkserk.sis/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkserk.sis/

Proper noun

Ξέρξης • (Xérxēs) m (genitive Ξέρξου); first declension (Attic, Ionic)

Xerxes, the name of two kings of Persia.

Inflection

First declension of ὁ Ξέρξης; τοῦ Ξέρξου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ὁ Ξέρξης ho Xérxēs
Genitive	τοῦ Ξέρξου toû Xérxou
Dative	τῷ Ξέρξῃ tôi Xérxēi
Accusative	τὸν Ξέρξην tòn Xérxēn
Vocative	Ξέρξη Xérxē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

First declension of ὁ Ξέρξης; τοῦ Ξέρξεω (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ὁ Ξέρξης ho Xérxēs
Genitive	τοῦ Ξέρξεω / Ξέρξω toû Xérxeō / Xérxō
Dative	τῷ Ξέρξῃ tôi Xérxēi
Accusative	τὸν Ξέρξην tòn Xérxēn
Vocative	Ξέρξη Xérxē
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Descendants

→ Alemannic German: Xerxes
→ Bulgarian: Ксеркс (Kserks)
→ Catalan: Xerxes
→ Czech: Xerxés
→ Danish: Xerxes
→ Dutch: Xerxes
→ English: Xerxes
→ Finnish: Kserkses
→ French: Xerxès
→ Galician: Xerxes
→ German: Xerxes
Greek: Ξέρξης (Xérxis)
→ Hungarian: Xerxész
→ Italian: Serse
→ Japanese: クセルクセス (Kuserukusesu)
→ Korean: 크세르크세스 (keusereukeuseseu)
→ Latin: Xerxes
→ Norwegian: Xerxes
→ Polish: Kserkses
→ Portuguese: Xerxes
→ Romanian: Xerxes
→ Russian: Ксеркс (Kserks)
→ Serbo-Croatian: Ксеркс, Kserks
→ Slovak: Xerxes
→ Slovene: Kserkses
→ Spanish: Jerjes
→ Swedish: Xerxes
→ Ukrainian: Ксеркс (Kserks)
→ Waray-Waray: Xerxes

References

Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,029

Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 23

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Tavernier, Jan (2007) Iranica in the Achaemenid Period (ca. 550–330 B.C.): Lexicon of Old Iranian Proper Names and Loanwords, Attested in Non-Iranian Texts, Peeters Publishers, →ISBN, page 23