γηθέω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms
  • γᾱθέω (gāthéō), γᾱ́θω (gā́thō) – Doric
  • γήθω (gḗthō)

Etymology

Because of Latin gaudeō (“I rejoice”), a pre-form *γαϝ-εθ-έω (*gaw-eth-éō) was reconstructed, but the contraction then would have to have been very early and have spread even to the perfect. Recently, the word has been compared with Tocharian A kātk- (“to be glad”), which has yielded the Proto-Indo-European reconstruction *geh₂dʰ- (“to rejoice”) for Greek. The same root is found in γαίω (gaíō, “to rejoice”), γάνυμαι (gánumai, “to be glad”), γαῦρος (gaûros, “conceited, arrogant”).

Pronunciation
 

Verb

γηθέω • (gēthéō)

  1. to rejoice, be glad
  2. to exult, triumph

Conjugation
   Present: γηθέω (Uncontracted)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative γηθέω γηθέεις γηθέει γηθέετον γηθέετον γηθέομεν γηθέετε γηθέουσῐ(ν)
subjunctive γηθέω γηθέῃς γηθέῃ γηθέητον γηθέητον γηθέωμεν γηθέητε γηθέωσῐ(ν)
optative γηθέοιμῐ γηθέοις γηθέοι γηθέοιτον γηθεοίτην γηθέοιμεν γηθέοιτε γηθέοιεν
imperative   γήθεε γηθεέτω γηθέετον γηθεέτων   γηθέετε γηθεόντων
active
infinitive γηθέειν
participle m γηθέων
f γηθέουσᾰ
n γηθέον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Present: γηθῶ (Contracted)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative γηθῶ γηθεῖς γηθεῖ γηθεῖτον γηθεῖτον γηθοῦμεν γηθεῖτε γηθοῦσῐ(ν)
subjunctive γηθῶ γηθῇς γηθῇ γηθῆτον γηθῆτον γηθῶμεν γηθῆτε γηθῶσῐ(ν)
optative γηθοίην,
γηθοῖμῐ		 γηθοίης,
γηθοῖς		 γηθοίη,
γηθοῖ		 γηθοῖτον,
γηθοίητον		 γηθοίτην,
γηθοιήτην		 γηθοῖμεν,
γηθοίημεν		 γηθοῖτε,
γηθοίητε		 γηθοῖεν,
γηθοίησᾰν
imperative   γήθει γηθείτω γηθεῖτον γηθείτων   γηθεῖτε γηθούντων
active
infinitive γηθεῖν
participle m γηθῶν
f γηθοῦσᾰ
n γηθοῦν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ἐγήθεον (Uncontracted)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐγήθεον ἐγήθεες ἐγήθεε(ν) ἐγηθέετον ἐγηθεέτην ἐγηθέομεν ἐγηθέετε ἐγήθεον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ἐγήθουν (Contracted)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐγήθουν ἐγήθεις ἐγήθει ἐγηθεῖτον ἐγηθείτην ἐγηθοῦμεν ἐγηθεῖτε ἐγήθουν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Future: γηθήσω
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative γηθήσω γηθήσεις γηθήσει γηθήσετον γηθήσετον γηθήσομεν γηθήσετε γηθήσουσῐ(ν)
optative γηθήσοιμῐ γηθήσοις γηθήσοι γηθήσοιτον γηθησοίτην γηθήσοιμεν γηθήσοιτε γηθήσοιεν
active
infinitive γηθήσειν
participle m γηθήσων
f γηθήσουσᾰ
n γηθῆσον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ἐγήθησᾰ
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐγήθησᾰ ἐγήθησᾰς ἐγήθησε(ν) ἐγηθήσᾰτον ἐγηθησᾰ́την ἐγηθήσᾰμεν ἐγηθήσᾰτε ἐγήθησᾰν
subjunctive γηθήσω γηθήσῃς γηθήσῃ γηθήσητον γηθήσητον γηθήσωμεν γηθήσητε γηθήσωσῐ(ν)
optative γηθήσαιμῐ γηθήσειᾰς,
γηθήσαις		 γηθήσειε(ν),
γηθήσαι		 γηθήσαιτον γηθησαίτην γηθήσαιμεν γηθήσαιτε γηθήσειᾰν,
γηθήσαιεν
imperative   γήθησον γηθησᾰ́τω γηθήσᾰτον γηθησᾰ́των   γηθήσᾰτε γηθησᾰ́ντων
active
infinitive γηθῆσαι
participle m γηθήσᾱς
f γηθήσᾱσᾰ
n γηθῆσᾰν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: γήθησᾰ (Epic)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative γήθησᾰ γήθησᾰς γήθησε(ν) γηθήσᾰτον γηθησᾰ́την γηθήσᾰμεν γηθήσᾰτε γήθησᾰν
subjunctive γηθήσω,
γηθήσωμῐ		 γηθήσῃς,
γηθήσῃσθᾰ		 γηθήσῃ,
γηθήσῃσῐ		 γηθήσητον γηθήσητον γηθήσωμεν γηθήσητε γηθήσωσῐ(ν)
optative γηθήσαιμῐ γηθήσαις,
γηθήσαισθᾰ,
γηθήσειᾰς		 γηθήσειε(ν),
γηθήσαι		 γηθησεῖτον γηθησείτην γηθησεῖμεν γηθησεῖτε γηθησεῖεν
imperative   γήθησον γηθησᾰ́τω γηθήσᾰτον γηθησᾰ́των   γηθήσᾰτε γηθησᾰ́ντων
active
infinitive γηθῆσαι/γηθησᾰ́μεν/γηθησᾰμέναι
participle m γηθήσᾱς
f γηθήσᾱσᾰ
n γηθῆσᾰν
Notes:
Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: γᾱ́θητᾰ (Doric)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative γᾱ́θητᾰ γᾱ́θητᾰς γᾱ́θητε(ν) γᾱθήτᾰτον γᾱθητᾰ́την γᾱθήτᾰμεν γᾱθήτᾰτε γᾱ́θητᾰν
subjunctive γᾱθήτω γᾱθήτῃς γᾱθήτῃ γᾱθήτητον γᾱθήτητον γᾱθήτωμεν γᾱθήτητε γᾱθήτωσῐ(ν)
optative γᾱθήταιμῐ γᾱθήτειᾰς,
γᾱθήταις		 γᾱθήτειε(ν),
γᾱθήται		 γᾱθητεῖτον γᾱθητείτην γᾱθητεῖμεν γᾱθητεῖτε γᾱθητεῖεν
imperative   γᾱ́θητον γᾱθητᾰ́τω γᾱθήτᾰτον γᾱθητᾰ́των   γᾱθήτᾰτε γᾱθητᾰ́ντων
active
infinitive γᾱθῆται
participle m γᾱθήτᾱς
f γᾱθήτᾱσᾰ
n γᾱθῆτᾰν
Notes:
Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Perfect: γέγηθᾰ
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative γέγηθᾰ γέγηθᾰς γέγηθε(ν) γεγήθᾰτον γεγήθᾰτον γεγήθᾰμεν γεγήθᾰτε γεγήθᾱσῐ(ν)
subjunctive γεγήθω γεγήθῃς γεγήθῃ γεγήθητον γεγήθητον γεγήθωμεν γεγήθητε γεγήθωσῐ(ν)
optative γεγήθοιμῐ,
γεγηθοίην		 γεγήθοις,
γεγηθοίης		 γεγήθοι,
γεγηθοίη		 γεγήθοιτον γεγηθοίτην γεγήθοιμεν γεγήθοιτε γεγήθοιεν
imperative   γέγηθε γεγηθέτω γεγήθετον γεγηθέτων   γεγήθετε γεγηθόντων
active
infinitive γεγηθέναι
participle m γεγηθώς
f γεγηθυῖᾰ
n γεγηθός
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Perfect: γέγᾱθᾰ (Doric)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative γέγᾱθᾰ γέγᾱθᾰς γεγᾱ́θει γεγᾱ́θᾰτον γεγᾱ́θᾰτον γεγᾱ́θᾰμεν γεγᾱ́θᾰτε γεγᾱ́θᾱσῐ(ν)
subjunctive γεγᾱ́θω γεγᾱ́θῃς γεγᾱ́θῃ γεγᾱ́θητον γεγᾱ́θητον γεγᾱ́θωμεν γεγᾱ́θητε γεγᾱ́θωσῐ(ν)
optative γεγᾱ́θοιμῐ,
γεγᾱθοίην		 γεγᾱ́θοις,
γεγᾱθοίης		 γεγᾱ́θοι,
γεγᾱθοίη		 γεγᾱ́θοιτον γεγᾱθοίτην γεγᾱ́θοιμεν γεγᾱ́θοιτε γεγᾱ́θοιεν
imperative   γέγᾱθε γεγᾱθέτω γεγᾱ́θετον γεγᾱθέτων   γεγᾱ́θετε γεγᾱθόντων
active
infinitive γεγᾱθέναι
participle m γεγᾱθώς
f γεγᾱθυῖᾰ
n γεγᾱθός
Notes:
Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Pluperfect: ἐγεγήθειν
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ἐγεγήθειν,
ἐγεγήθη		 ἐγεγήθεις,
ἐγεγήθης		 ἐγεγήθει(ν) ἐγεγήθετον ἐγεγηθέτην ἐγεγήθεμεν ἐγεγήθετε ἐγεγήθεσᾰν
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Pluperfect: γεγήθειν (Epic)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative γεγήθειν,
γεγήθη		 γεγήθεις,
γεγήθης		 γεγήθει(ν) γεγήθετον γεγηθέτην γεγήθεμεν γεγήθετε γεγήθεσᾰν
Notes:
Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Pluperfect: γεγᾱ́θειν (Boeotian)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative γεγᾱ́θειν,
γεγᾱ́θη		 γεγᾱ́θεις,
γεγᾱ́θης		 γεγᾱ́θῑ γεγᾱ́θετον γεγᾱθέτᾱν γεγᾱ́θεμεν γεγᾱ́θετε γέγᾱθεν
Notes:
Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms
  • γηθᾰλέος (gēthaléos)
  • γῆθος (gêthos)
  • γηθοσῠ́νη (gēthosúnē)
  • γηθόσῠνος (gēthósunos)
  • ἐπῐγηθέω (epigēthéō)

Further reading
  • “γηθέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “γηθέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “γηθέω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • γηθέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • γηθέω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • γηθέω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2023)
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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