κότος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

It has been compared with a Celto-Germanic word for "struggle, fight", found in Proto-Celtic *katus (“battle”) and Proto-Germanic *haþuz (“battle, fight”), as well as perhaps Old Church Slavonic котора (kotora, “quarrel”), suggesting a derivation from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₃tus (“fight”). Further, perhaps, with palatal anlaut, Sanskrit शत्रु (śatru, “enemy, foe, rival”), while Machek additionally compares Czech katiti se (“to be annoyed”). All in all, not very clear.

Pronunciation
 

Noun

κότος • (kótos) m (genitive κότου); second declension

  1. grudge, rancour, animosity, ill will

Inflection
Second declension of ὁ κότος; τοῦ κότου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ κότος
ho kótos		 τὼ κότω
tṑ kótō		 οἱ κότοι
hoi kótoi
Genitive τοῦ κότου
toû kótou		 τοῖν κότοιν
toîn kótoin		 τῶν κότων
tôn kótōn
Dative τῷ κότῳ
tôi kótōi		 τοῖν κότοιν
toîn kótoin		 τοῖς κότοις
toîs kótois
Accusative τὸν κότον
tòn kóton		 τὼ κότω
tṑ kótō		 τοὺς κότους
toùs kótous
Vocative κότε
kóte		 κότω
kótō		 κότοι
kótoi
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms
  • ἔγκοτος (énkotos)
  • ζᾰ́κοτος (zákotos)
  • κοτέω (kotéō)
  • κοτήεις (kotḗeis)

Further reading
  • “κότος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “κότος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “κότος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • κότος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • κότος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
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