λύκος

See also: Λύκος

Ancient Greek
FWOTD – 1 February 2023

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”). Cognates include Sanskrit वृक (vṛ́ka), Latin lupus, Old English wulf (English wolf) and Russian волк (volk).

Pronunciation
 

Noun

λῠ́κος • (lúkos) m (genitive λῠ́κου); second declension

  1. wolf
    • New Testament, Mat. 7:15:
      Προσέχετε ἀπὸ τῶν ψευδοπροφητῶν, οἵτινες ἔρχονται πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἐν ἐνδύμασιν προβάτων, ἔσωθεν δὲ εἰσὶν λύκοι ἅρπαγες.
      Prosékhete apò tôn pseudoprophētôn, hoítines érkhontai pròs humâs en endúmasin probátōn, ésōthen dè eisìn lúkoi hárpages.
      Beware of false prophets, which come to you in sheep's clothing, but inwardly they are ravening wolves.
  2. curb bit
  3. a kind of jackdaw

Inflection
Second declension of ὁ λῠ́κος; τοῦ λῠ́κου (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ λῠ́κος
ho lúkos		 τὼ λῠ́κω
tṑ lúkō		 οἱ λῠ́κοι
hoi lúkoi
Genitive τοῦ λῠ́κου
toû lúkou		 τοῖν λῠ́κοιν
toîn lúkoin		 τῶν λῠ́κων
tôn lúkōn
Dative τῷ λῠ́κῳ
tôi lúkōi		 τοῖν λῠ́κοιν
toîn lúkoin		 τοῖς λῠ́κοις
toîs lúkois
Accusative τὸν λῠ́κον
tòn lúkon		 τὼ λῠ́κω
tṑ lúkō		 τοὺς λῠ́κους
toùs lúkous
Vocative λῠ́κε
lúke		 λῠ́κω
lúkō		 λῠ́κοι
lúkoi
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

λυκ- terms (also see λύσσα (lússa))

  • αἰνόλῠκος m (ainólukos, “horrible wolf”)
  • ἀμφιλῠ́κη f (amphilúkē, “morning twilight”)
  • Αὐτόλῠκος m (Autólukos)
  • κῠνόλῠκος m (kunólukos)
  • λῠκᾰ́βας m (lukábas, “path of light, sun's course”)
  • λῠκάγχη f (lukánkhē)
  • λῠ́καινα f (lúkaina, “she-wolf”)
  • λῠκαινίς f (lukainís, “she-wolf”)
  • λῠκαινόμορφος (lukainómorphos, “she-wolf-shaped”)
  • Λῠ́καιον n (Lúkaion)
  • Λῠκαιονίκης m (Lukaioníkēs)
  • Λῠκαῖος (Lukaîos, “Lycaean”)
  • λῠκανθρωπῐ́ᾱ f (lukanthrōpíā, “a kind of madness”)
  • λῠκάνθρωπος m or f (lukánthrōpos, “man-wolf”)
  • Λῠκᾱονῐ́ᾱ f (Lukāoníā)
  • λῠκαυγής (lukaugḗs, “of grey-twilight”)
  • λῠκάων m (lukáōn, “man-wolf”)
  • λῠκέη f (lukéē, “wolfʼs-skin”)
  • λῠκεία f (lukeía, “helmet of wolf-skin”)
  • Λῠ́κειον n (Lúkeion)
  • λῠ́κειος (lúkeios, “of a wolf”)
  • λῠ́κη f (lúkē, “morning twilight”)
  • λῠκῆ f (lukê, “'λῠκέη'”)
  • λυκηγενής (lukēgenḗs, “light-born”)
  • λῠκηδόν (lukēdón, “wolf-like”, adverb)
  • λῠκηθμός m (lukēthmós, “wolfʼs howl”)
  • Λῠκία f (Lukía)
  • Λῠκιάρχης m (Lukiárkhēs)
  • λῠκῐδεύς m (lukideús, “wolfʼs cub”)
  • λῠ́κιον n (lúkion, “Rhamnus petiolaris”)
  • Λῠ́κιος f (Lúkios)
  • λῠκόβρωτος (lukóbrōtos, “eaten by wolves”)
  • λῠκοδίωκτος (lukodíōktos, “wolf-chased”)
  • λῠκοειδής (lukoeidḗs, “wolf-like”)
  • λῠκοεργής (lukoergḗs)
  • λῠκοθαρσής (lukotharsḗs, “not fearing wolves”)
  • λῠκοκτονέω (lukoktonéō, “slay wolves”)
  • λῠκοκτόνος (lukoktónos, “wolf-slaying”)
  • λῠ́κολυγξ m (lúkolunx, “wolf-lynx”)
  • Λῠκομήδης m (Lukomḗdēs)
  • λῠκόμορφος (lukómorphos, “wolf-shaped”)
  • Λυκόοργος m (Lukóorgos)
  • λῠκοπάνθηρος m (lukopánthēros, “wolf-panther”)
  • λῠκοπέρσῐον n (lukopérsion)
  • Λῠκόπολῐς f (Lukópolis)
  • λῠκορραίστης m (lukorrhaístēs, “wolf-worrier”)
  • λῠκόσκορδον n (lukóskordon)
  • λῠκοσκῠτᾰ́λιον n (lukoskutálion, “white mignonette”)
  • Λῠκόσουρα f (Lukósoura)
  • λῠκοσπάς m or f (lukospás, “torn by wolves”)
  • λῠκόστομος m (lukóstomos, “wolf-mouth, a kind of anchovy”)
  • Λῠκούργεια f (Lukoúrgeia, “trilogy of Aeschylus”)
  • Λῠκοῦργος m (Lukoûrgos)
  • λῠκόφθαλμος (lukóphthalmos, “wolf-eye, precious stone”)
  • λῠκόφθαλμος f (lukóphthalmos, “wolf-eye, precious stone”)
  • λῠκοφῐλία f (lukophilía, “wolfʼs false friendship”)
  • λῠκοφῐ́λιος (lukophílios)
  • λῠκοφόρος (lukophóros, “with mark of a wolf”)
  • λῠκόφρυς f (lukóphrus, “a plant”)
  • λῠκόφρων m or f (lukóphrōn, “wolf-minded”)
  • λυκόφων m (lukóphōn, “a plant”)
  • λῠκόφως n (lukóphōs, “twilight, gloaming”)
  • λῠκόχροος (lukókhroos, “wolf-coloured”) λῠκόχρους
  • λῠκοψία f (lukopsía, “twilight”)
  • λῠκόω (lukóō, “to tear like a wolf”)
  • λῠκώ f (lukṓ, “she-wolf epithet of the Moon”)
  • λῠκώδης (lukṓdēs, “wolf-like”)
  • λῠ́χνος m (lúkhnos, “lamp”)
  • μονόλῠκος m (monólukos, “solitary”)

Descendants
  • Greek: λύκος (lýkos)
  • Tsakonian: λιούκο (lioúko)
  • → Samoan: luko (learned)
    • → Tokelauan: luko (learned)

References

Greek

Etymology

From Ancient Greek λύκος (lúkos), from Proto-Indo-European *wĺ̥kʷos (“wolf”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈlikos/
  • Hyphenation: λύ‧κος

Noun

λύκος • (lýkos) m (plural λύκοι, feminine λύκαινα)

  1. wolf
  2. wolfdog
  3. aggressive and bloodthirsty person
  4. (pathology) lupus
  5. cock of old hunting gun

Declension
declension of λύκος
case     \     number singular plural
nominative λύκος • λύκοι •
genitive λύκου • λύκων •
accusative λύκο • λύκους •
vocative λύκε • λύκοι •

Derived terms
Expressions
  • ο λύκος ουρλιάζει (ourliázei)
  • πεινάω σα λύκος (peináo sa lýkos)
  • στο στόμα του λύκου (sto stóma tou lýkou, “into the lion's den”, literally “into the wolf's mouth-”)
  • τρώω σα λύκος (tróo sa lýkos)
Proverbs

λυκ- and see λύσσα

λυκ-
  • γερόλυκος m (gerólykos)
  • θαλασσόλυκος m (thalassólykos)
  • λύκαινα f (lýkaina, “she-wolf”)
  • λυκάκι n (lykáki, “wolf cub”)
  • λυκανθρωπία f (lykanthropía) (medicine)
  • λυκάνθρωπος m (lykánthropos, “man-wolf”)
  • λυκαυγές n (lykavgés, “first twilight”)
  • λυκειάρχης m (lykeiárchis, “lyceum director”)
  • λύκειο n (lýkeio, “lyceum”)
  • λυκίσκος m (lykískos, “hop, Homulus lupulus”)
  • λυκίσκος m (lykískos, “Lupus constellation”)
  • λυκόπουλο n (lykópoulo, “wolf cub”)
  • λυκόσκυλο n (lykóskylo, “german shepherd dog, or wolfdog”)
  • λυκόστομα n (lykóstoma) (medicine)
  • λυκοφιλία f (lykofilía, “wolfʼs false friendship”)
  • λυκοφωλιά f (lykofoliá, “wolf's den”)
  • λυκόφως n (lykófos, “twilight”)

Further reading
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