τότε

See also: τοτέ

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

τόκα (tóka) – Doric
τόθ’ (tóth’) – apocopic, before a rough breathing
τότ’ (tót’) – apocopic, before a smooth breathing

Etymology

Proto-Hellenic *tókʷe, from Proto-Indo-European *to- + *-kʷe. Compare ὅτε (hóte), πότε (póte). Cognate with Latin tum.

See its indefinite form τοτέ (toté).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tó.te/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈto.te/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈto.te/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈto.te/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈto.te/

Adverb

τότε • (tóte)

at that time, then
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 15.724
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.31
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.100
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.182
- 429 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus the King 1517
- 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 334C
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Timocrates 48
- 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 907
- 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 391
- 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 650
- 388 BCE, Aristophanes, Plutus 1117
- 425 BCE, Aristophanes, Lysistrata 1023
- 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 157A
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 799
- 438 BCE, Euripides, Alcestis 915
- 431 BCE, Euripides, Medea 1402
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.86
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 3.40
- 344 BCE – 343 BCE, Demosthenes, Second Philippic 12
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 766
- 425 BCE, Euripides, Andromache 853
1. (joined with other particles)
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.691
  - 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 536
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.92
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 8.299
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.426
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.40
  - 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 417
  - 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Olympian Ode 3.25
  - 467 BCE, Aeschylus, Seven Against Thebes 214
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.52
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 3.224
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 12.250
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 15.228
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.699
  - 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 588
  - 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 911
  - 445 BCE – 380 BCE, Lysias, Against Eratosthenes 66
  - 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 1273
  - 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 47
2. (with the article)
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.559
  - 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Isthmian Ode 4.27
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.20
  - 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.8
  - 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 73
  - 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 1134
  - New Testament, Second Epistle of Peter 3:6
  - 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 1.92
  - 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Critias 110D
  - 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, The Statesman 270E
  - 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 740C
3. (εἰς τότε) until then
  - 428 BCE – 347 BCE, Plato, Laws 830B
  - 354 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Navy 24
  - 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Julius Caesar 48
  - 86 CE – 160 CE, Arrian, Anabasis of Alexander 1.26.4
  - 300 BCE – 200 BCE, Septuagint, Psalms 92.2
  - 70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 4:17
4. (in apodoses, answering to ὅτε)
  - 406 BCE, Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 778
  - 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 971
  - 414 BCE, Aristophanes, The Birds 1116
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 16.244
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 23.257
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 9.702
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.341
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.36
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 11.192
  - 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Ajax 773
  - 349 BCE, Demosthenes, Third Olynthiac 17
  - 341 BCE, Demosthenes, Third Philippic 73
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.476
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.17
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 10.294
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 8.69
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.59
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 22.209
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.461
  - 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 565
  - 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 1.478
5. (used in late poets for ὅτε)
  - 200 BCE – 100 BCE, Nicander, Alexipharmaca 422
  - 200 BCE – 100 BCE, Nicander, Alexipharmaca 595

Descendants

→ Coptic: ⲧⲟⲧⲉ (tote)
Greek: τότε (tóte)

type	interrogative	indefinite	(medial) demonstrative	proximal demonstrative	distal demonstrative	relative	indefinite relative	identity	other
basic	τίς	τις, ἔνιοι	†ὁ, οὗτος	ὅδε	ἐκεῖνος	ὅς	ὅστις	ὁ αὐτός (αὑτός), ὁμός	ἕτερος, ἄλλος
dual	πότερος	πότερος, ποτερός				ὁπότερος
quality	ποῖος	ποιός	†τοῖος, τοιοῦτος	τοιόσδε		οἷος	ὁποῖος	ὅμοιος	ἑτεροῖος, ἀλλοῖος
quantity	πόσος	ποσός	†τόσος, τοσοῦτος	τοσόσδε		ὅσος	ὁπόσος
manner	πῶς	πως	†τώς, †ὥς, οὕτως	ὧδε		ὡς	ὅπως	ὁμῶς	ἑτέρως, ἄλλως
method, path, place	πῇ	πῃ	τῇ, ταύτῃ	τῇδε	ἐκείνῃ	ᾗ	ὅπῃ		ἄλλῃ
place	ποῦ, †πόθι	που, †ποθι	ἐνταῦθα		ἐκεῖ, ἔνθα, †ἐκεῖθι	οὗ, ἔνθα, †ὅθι	ὅπου, †ὁπόθι	αὐτόθι, ὁμοῦ	ἄλλοθι
source	πόθεν	ποθεν	†τόθεν, ἔνθεν, ἐντεῦθεν	ἐνθένδε	ἐκεῖθεν	ὅθεν	ὁπόθεν	†ὁμόθεν	ἄλλοθεν
destination	ποῖ, †πόσε	ποι	ἔνθα, ἐνταῦθα	ἐνθάδε	ἐκεῖσε	οἷ	ὅποι, †ὁπόσε	αὐτόσε, ὁμόσε	ἄλλοσε
time	πότε, πῆμος	ποτέ, ποτε, τοτέ, ἐνίοτε	τότε, τῆμος	τημόσδε		ὅτε, ἦμος	ὁπότε, †ὁππῆμος	ἅμα	ἄλλοτε
exact time	πηνίκα		†τηνίκα, τηνικαῦτα	τηνικάδε		ἡνίκα	ὁπηνίκα	αὐτίκα
duration of time			τέως			ἕως
size, age	πηλίκος	πηλίκος	†τηλίκος, τηλικοῦτος	τηλικόσδε		ἡλίκος	ὁπηλίκος	ὁμῆλιξ
repetition	ποσάκις, ποσίνδα	ποσάκις	τουτάκις, τοσάκις			†ὁσάκις ὁποσάκις	ὁποσάκις
multiplication	ποσαπλάσιος					ὁσαπλάσιος, ὁσαπλασίων
order	πόστος	ποστός					ὁπόστος
† Forms rarely or never used in Classical Attic prose Relative also used in exclamations; either relative or indefinite relative used in indirect questions.

References

“τότε”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“τότε”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“τότε”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
τότε in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
τότε in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
“τότε”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G5119 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- now idem, page 562.
- one idem, page 573.
- sometimes idem, page 793.
- then idem, page 865.
- time idem, page 875.

Greek

Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek τότε (tóte).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈtote/
Hyphenation: τό‧τε

Adverb

τότε • (tóte)

Derived terms

τότενες (tótenes) (vernacular)
τότες (tótes) (folksy)

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