Коледа
Bulgarian
Коледуване
Etymology
From Proto-Slavic *kolęda, from Latin kalendae (“first day of the month”). Originally referring to a pagan winter festival, where carollers (typically men or children) visit households and wish the hosts an abundant and healthy incoming year.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈkɔlʲɛdə]
Proper noun
Ко́леда • (Kóleda) f (related adjective ко́леден)
- (obsolete) carolling
- Synonyms: коледу́ване (koledúvane), (dialectal) кола́дство (koládstvo)
- Christmas
- Synonyms: Рождество Христово (Roždestvo Hristovo), Божич (Božič)
- на Коледа ― na Koleda ― at Christmas
- по Коледа ― po Koleda ― at Christmastide
- су́ха/ма́лка Ко́леда ― súha/málka Kóleda ― the day before Christmas
- Честита Коледа ― Čestita Koleda ― Merry Christmas
- Дядо Коледа ― Djado Koleda ― Father Christmas, Santa Claus
Declension
Declension of Ко́леда
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| indefinite | Ко́леда Kóleda |
Ко́леди Kóledi |
| definite | — | Ко́ледите Kóledite |
| vocative form | Ко́ледо Kóledo |
Ко́леди Kóledi |
Alternative forms
- Ко́ленда (Kólenda), Ко́лада (Kólada) – dialectal
Derived terms
- ко́ледувам (kóleduvam, “to carol”)
- коледа́р (koledár), колежда́нин (koleždánin), колежда́нец (koleždánec, “caroller”)
- ко́ледница (kólednica, “carol, Christmas song”)
Related terms
- календа́р (kalendár, “calender”) (later loanword)
See also
- Бъдни вечер (Bǎdni večer, “Christmas Eve”)
- Сурва (Surva, “New Year”)
- Мръсни дни (Mrǎsni dni, “dirty days"”), Некръстени дни (Nekrǎsteni dni, “unbaptized days”) (period between Christmas and Baptism of Jesus's day)
- Колог (Kolog), Коложег (Koložeg) (archaic name of December)
References
- Коледа in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Institut za bǎlgarski ezik)
- Коледа in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Čitanka.Info)
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1979), “коледа”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 551
- колѧда in Исторически речник на Българския език, Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky"
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