броня
Bulgarian
Etymology
Borrowed from Russian броня́ (bronjá), displaced native бръня (brǎnja), from Proto-Slavic *brъňa, from Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌾𐍉 (brunjō), from Proto-Germanic *brunjǭ.
Noun
бро́ня • (brónja) f
- armor (protective layer over a body, vehicle, or other object intended to deflect or diffuse damaging forces)
Declension
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
indefinite | бро́ня brónja |
бро́ни bróni |
definite | бро́нята brónjata |
бро́ните brónite |
Alternative forms
- бръня (brǎnja) – dialectal
Related terms
- брънка (brǎnka, “metal chip”)
References
- броня in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Institut za bǎlgarski ezik)
- брънѩ in Исторически речник на Българския език, Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky"
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “броня”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 81
Russian
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old East Slavic бръня (brŭnja), from Proto-Slavic *brъňa, from Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌾𐍉 (brunjō, “breastplate”), from Proto-Germanic *brunjǭ (“breastplate”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [brɐˈnʲa]
Noun
броня́ • (bronjá) f inan (genitive брони́, nominative plural брони́, genitive plural броне́й, related adjective бронево́й or бро́нный)
Declension
Related terms
- бронево́й (bronevój), брониро́ванный (broniróvannyj), бронебо́йный (bronebójnyj)
- бронирова́ть impf or pf (bronirovátʹ)
- броневи́к m (bronevík), бронеавтомоби́ль m (broneavtomobílʹ), бронетранспротёр m (bronetransprotjór), бронежиле́т m (bronežilét)
Etymology 2
Developed from the sense of “armor” during the Soviet period. Sense development was from “armor” → “securing” → “reservation”.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbronʲə]
Noun
бро́ня • (brónja) f inan (genitive бро́ни, nominative plural бро́ни, genitive plural бронь)
- reservation, booking
- Synonyms: резерви́рование n (rezervírovanije), бронь f (bronʹ)
- a secured essential worker job providing deferment from conscription
Declension
Related terms
- брони́ровать impf (bronírovatʹ), заброни́ровать pf (zabronírovatʹ)
Ukrainian
Etymology 1
Inherited from Old East Slavic брънꙗ (brŭnja), from Proto-Slavic *brъňa, from Gothic 𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌽𐌾𐍉 (brunjō, “breastplate”), from Proto-Germanic *brunjǭ (“breastplate”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [brɔˈnʲa]
Noun
броня́ • (bronjá) f inan (genitive броні́, uncountable)
Declension
Derived terms
- бронюва́ти impf (bronjuváty), забронюва́ти pf (zabronjuváty)
- броньови́к m (bronʹovýk), бронеавтомобі́ль m (broneavtomobílʹ), бронетранспроте́р m (bronetransprotér), бронежиле́т m (bronežylét)
- бронепо́тяг m (bronepótjah), бронепо́їзд m (bronepójizd), бронека́тер m (bronekáter), бронемашин́а f (bronemašyńa)
- бронено́сець m (bronenósecʹ)
- бронета́нковий (bronetánkovyj)
Etymology 2
Same as etymology 1, the meanings derive from Russian бро́ня (brónja, “reservation”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈbrɔnʲɐ]
Noun
бро́ня • (brónja) f inan (genitive бро́ні, nominative plural бро́ні, genitive plural бронь)
- reservation, booking
- deferment (from conscription)
Declension
Related terms
- бронюва́ти impf (bronjuváty), забронюва́ти pf (zabronjuváty)
Further reading
- Bilodid, I. K., editor (1970–1980), “броня”, in Словник української мови: в 11 т. [Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 11 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- “броня”, in Горох – Словозміна [Horokh – Inflection] (in Ukrainian)
- “броня”, in Kyiv Dictionary (in English)
- “броня”, in Словник.ua [Slovnyk.ua] (in Ukrainian)