ил

From Proto-Turkic *ēl (“realm”).

• IPA^(key): [il]
• Hyphenation: ил (one syllable)

ил • (il)

1. country, state

   Сит ил.

   Sit il.

   A foreign country.

   Һалдат илде һаҡлай.

   Haldat ilde haqlay.

   Soldier guards the country.

   Йәш быуын — илдең киләсәге.

   Yäş bıwın — ildeŋ kiläsäge.

   The young generation is the country's future.

   Илдә тәмәке тартыуға ҡаршы аҙналыҡ башланды.

   İldä tämäke tartıwğa qarşı aðnalıq başlandı.

   A weekly campaign against tobacco smoking has begun in the country.

   Беҙҙең илебеҙҙә Интернет түгел, гәзит барып етмәгән, почтальон аяғы баҫмаған мөйөштәр бар һаман.

   Beððeŋ ilebeððä İnternet tügel, gäzit barıp yetmägän, poçtal’on ayağı baθmağan möyöştär bar haman.

   There are still locations in our country where newspapers do not reach, (where) postman's feet hasn't touched yet, let alone the Internet.

2. society, people
3. (archaic) homeland

   Батыр яуҙан ҡайтмаһа, даны ҡайтыр иленә.

   Batır yawðan qaytmaha, danı qaytır ilenä.

   If a hero does not return from war, his good name will return to his homeland.

From Proto-Slavic *jьlъ, *jilъ. Attested more in Western dialects.

ил • (il) m

1. silt, mire

   Synonyms: тиня (tinja), утайка (utajka)

2. moor, bog

   Synonym: тресавище (tresavište)

• илав (ilav, “slimy, muddy”)
  • илавица (ilavica, “clay-rich earth”)
• илов (ilov, “pitch-dark, dirty”)
• илест (ilest, “muddy”)

• ил in Rečnik na bǎlgarskija ezik (Institut za bǎlgarski ezik)
• Georgiev V. I., editor (1979), “ил¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 64

From Proto-Turkic *ạl- (“to take”).

ил • (il)

1. to take
2. to remove, to take away
3. to bring, to bring along
4. to buy, to purchase
5. to receive
6. to charge, collect, to levy, to take monies (in forms of taxes, payments, duties, tariffs, and fines)
7. to capture, seize

   тыткӑна ил ― tytkăna il ― to take captives

   хулана ил ― hulana il ― to seize/capture the town

8. penetrate, pierce
9. (of clothes etc.) take off (remove)

• “ил”, in Электронлă сăмахсар‎ (in Russian-Chuvash, Chuvash-Russian), 1996.

From Proto-Slavic *jilъ, *jьlъ.

• IPA^(key): [iɫ]
• Rhymes: -iɫ

ил • (il) m or f

1. clay

(Masculine declension)

(Feminine declension)

• глина f (glina)

• илест (ilest)
• иловица f (ilovica)

• “ил” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu

(Ulaanbaatar) IPA^(key): /iɮ/, [iɮ]

Cognate with Buryat эли (eli, “wapiti fawn”), Kalmyk ил (il, “fawn”).

Compare Proto-Turkic *elik (“roebuck, wild goat”) (see Turkish elik) and Even елкэн (jelkən, “reindeer (leader of the herd)”), similar to other Eurasian deer-related words such as Proto-Indo-European *h₁el- (“deer”), Proto-Chukotko-Kamchatkan *əlwæ (“wild reindeer”) (Chukchi ылвылю), Ket илэ. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

• илий (ilii)

ил • (il) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠯᠢ (ili))

1. fawn (a young deer)

• илэг (ileg, “suede, deerskin”)

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare Yakut илэ (ile, “explicitly, openly”).

ил • (il) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠯᠡ (ile))

1. clear, obvious, perceptible

   ил захидал ― il zaxidal ― post card

   Synonyms: тод (tod), тодорхой (todorxoj), илэрхий (ilerxii), ил тод (il tod)

2. out in the open (not hidden; not inside)

   ил уурхай ― il uurxaj ― opencast mine

   Synonyms: задгай (zadgaj), ил задгай (il zadgaj)

3. known (not secret)

• нууц (nuuc, “secret”)
• далд (dald, “covered, invisible”)
• дотор (dotor, “inside”)

ил • (il)

1. publicly, openly

   ил хэлэх ― il xelex ― to say to one’s face

   ил гаргах ― il gargax ― to make clear

   ил ярих ― il jarix ― give a speech

Borrowed from a Turkic language, hailing back to Proto-Turkic *ēl. The sense evolution of international relations, ally and peace is attested already in pre-Mongolian Turkic languages.

• ᠡᠯ (el)

ил • (il) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠯ (il))

1. country, territory
2. (archaic) ally
3. (archaic) harmony, peace

ил • (il) (Mongolian spelling ᠢᠯᠢ (ili))

1. imperative of илэх (ilex)

• илъ (il) – Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Inherited from Old East Slavic илъ (ilŭ), from Proto-Slavic *jьlъ.

• IPA^(key): [iɫ]

• Audio

  (file)

ил • (il) m inan (genitive и́ла, nominative plural и́лы, genitive plural и́лов)

1. silt, clay, mud, ooze, sludge

• илистость (ilistostʹ)
• илистый (ilistyj), иловый (ilovyj)

From Proto-Turkic *ēl (“realm”).

ил • (il)

1. (geography) state

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

ил • (il)

1. friendship, amity
2. (diplomacy, religion) peace

   Synonym: эйэ (eye, “peace”)

   Antonym: сэрии (serii, “war”)

• илдьит (iljit, “ambassador”)