клеймо

Bulgarian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian клеймо́ (klejmó).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [klʲɛjˈmɔ]

Noun

клеймо́ (klejmó) n

  1. (historical) brand (on a slave or criminal)
  2. postmark
  3. (figurative) stain, mark, stigma

Declension

Russian

Etymology

Dialectally also клейно́ (klejnó); cognate with Ukrainian клеймо́ (klejmó), клейно́ (klejnó) and Belarusian кляймо́ (kljajmó), кляйно́ (kljajnó). Per Vasmer, borrowed from unattested Old High German *kleim (glue, clay, mortar), from Proto-West Germanic *klaim.

(Only Old High German kleimen (to smear, to oil) is attested, but the vowel sequence -ей- is most easily derived from Old High German or Old Norse among the Germanic languages, and Vasmer specifically denies a derivation from Old Norse kleima.)

Compare Old English clām (clay, mud) (whence dialectal English cloam (clay)), Middle Low German klēm (glue, mortar, plaster).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [klʲɪjˈmo]

Noun

клеймо́ (klejmó) n inan (genitive клейма́, nominative plural кле́йма, genitive plural клейм)

  1. brand, stamp, identification mark
  2. (figuratively) stain, taint as in tainted reputation
  3. stigma

Declension

Descendants

  • Finnish: leima
  • Ingrian: kleima

References

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