леден

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *leděnъ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈlʲɛdɛn]

Adjective

ле́ден (léden) (adverb ле́дено, abstract noun леденина́)

  1. (relational) ice
    ле́ден късléden kǎsiceberg
  2. ice-cold, freezing
  3. (figurative) icy

Declension

Macedonian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *leděnъ.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈlɛdɛn]

Adjective

леден (leden) (comparative поледен, superlative најледен, abstract noun леденост)

  1. icy, glacial, frigid

Declension

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *leděnъ. Cognate with Russian ледяной (ledjanoj).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /lêden/
  • Hyphenation: лед‧ен

Adjective

ле̏ден (definite ле̏денӣ, comparative ледѐнијӣ, Latin spelling lȅden)

  1. (relational) ice; icy, glacial
  2. cold, frigid, chilled
  3. crystalline, clear and transparent
  4. (relational) ice plant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum)
  5. (figuratively) unwelcoming, coldhearted, unfeeling
  6. (figuratively) (of fear, doubt, or surprise) immobilizing

Usage notes

Historically, ле̏дан primarily meant “of or relating to ice”, while ле̏ден primarily meant “made of ice”, but each was often used for the other; today, ле̏ден is by far the more common of the two.

Declension

Synonyms

References

  • Pero Budmani, editor (1898-1903), leden”, in Rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika (in Serbo-Croatian), volume 5, Zagreb: JAZU, page 950
  • леден” in Hrvatski jezični portal
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