ջնար

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian ջնար (ǰnar)

• (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒəˈnɑɾ]
• (Western Armenian, standard) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃʰəˈnɑɾ]

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ջնար • (ǰnar)

1. (historical) a kind of lyre

• վին (vin), քնար (kʿnar)

An ancient culture word of uncertain immediate and ultimate origin. Related to Georgian ჭიანური (č̣ianuri, “a Georgian viol”) and to Hattic 𒄑𒀭𒈹 (^{giš dingir}MÙŠ /zinar/, “lyre”). Further possibly related to the family of Old Armenian քնար (kʿnar) and to Ancient Greek κιθάρα (kithára).

ջնար • (ǰnar)

1. lyre, harp, cithara
   • 5th century, Bible, Nahum 3.8:[1]

     Պատրաստեա բաժին, կազմեա ջնար, վիճակդ Ամովնայ․ որ բնակեալ է ի մէջ գետոց, եւ ջուրք շուրջ զնովաւ․ որոյ սկիզբն ծով, եւ ջուրք պարիսպ նորա:

     Patrastea bažin, kazmea ǰnar, vičakd Amovnay; or bnakeal ē i mēǰ getocʿ, ew ǰurkʿ šurǰ znovaw; oroy skizbn cov, ew ǰurkʿ parisp nora:

     • Translation by New English Translation of the Septuagint

       Tune a chord; prepare a portion, O Amon who dwells in rivers; water is around her, whose dominion is the sea, and her walls are water.

   • 5th century, Severian of Gabala, Čaṙkʿ [Homilies] VII:[2][3]

     […] որպէս և Դաւիթ ասէ, օրհնեցէ՛ք զտէր սաղմոսարանաւ, և ջնարաւ, և աղեաւ, և տաւուղաւ, ծնծղայիւք, քաղցր ձայնիւք, օրհնութեամբ, թմբկաւ, և պարուք։

     […] orpēs ew Dawitʿ asē, ōrhnecʿḗkʿ ztēr sałmosaranaw, ew ǰnaraw, ew ałeaw, ew tawuław, cncłayiwkʿ, kʿałcʿr jayniwkʿ, ōrhnutʿeamb, tʿmbkaw, ew parukʿ.

     • Translation by J.B. Aucher

       Quemadmodum et David dixit: Laudate Dominum psalterio, et cithara, in chordis et organo, in cymbalis suaviter soոaոtibus, in hymnis, in tympano et choro.

   • 10/13th century, Tʿovmay Arcruni and Ananun, Patmutʿiwn tann Arcruneacʿ [History of the House of Artsrunik] :[4][5]

     Յայնժամ հրաման ետուն ամենայն զօրացն ելանել ի պատերազմ, և ահա աղաղակ և փողք և քնարք և ջնարք, և վառեալ զինու և սրոյ և ամենայն պատրաստութեամբ անհուն զօրացն, մինչ գրեթէ ի հիմանց զլեառնն տապալել […]

     Yaynžam hraman etun amenayn zōracʿn elanel i paterazm, ew aha ałałak ew pʿołkʿ ew kʿnarkʿ ew ǰnarkʿ, ew vaṙeal zinu ew sroy ew amenayn patrastutʿeamb anhun zōracʿn, minčʿ gretʿē i himancʿ zleaṙnn tapalel […]

     • Translation by Robert W. Thomson

       Then he commanded all the troops to go out to battle. As the host of soldiers put on their armour and swords and made preparations, there was such a great noise of trumpets, lyres, and harps that the mountain almost collapsed from its foundations.

• In the Bible, translates Ancient Greek χορδή (khordḗ).
• It is a different musical instrument from քնար (kʿnar). Note the separate enumeration in Arcruni.

• ջնարահար (ǰnarahar)
• ջնարաւոր (ǰnarawor)

• → Armenian: ջնար (ǰnar) (learned)

• Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “ջնար”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 129a
• Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1837), “ջնար”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 674bc
• Ivanov, Vjač. Vs. (1985), “Ob otnošenii xattskovo jazyka k severozapadnokavkazskim [Hattic and North Caucasian]”, in B. B. Piotrovskij et al., editors, Drevnjaja Anatolija (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 49 of 26–59
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010), “ջնար”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, pages 652–653
• Lagarde, Paul de (1854) Zur Urgeschichte der Armenier: ein philologischer Versuch (in German), Berlin: W. Hertz, page 31
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2019), “Armenian musical instruments: three etymologies”, in Tatevik Shakhkulyan, editor, Komitas Museum-Institute Yearbook, vol. IV‎, Yerevan: Komitas Museum-Institute, pages 187–189
• Martirosyan, Nšan (1972), “Npast mə hetʿ ew hay baṙakʿnnutʿyan [Hittite–Armenian Etymologies]”, in Patma-banasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal]‎ (in Armenian), issue 2, page 186 of 163–186
• Mkrtčʿyan, Nerses (1969), “Xetʿa-haykakan mi kʿani baṙayin əndhanrutʿyunner [A Number of Words Common to Hittite and Armenian]”, in Patma-banasirakan handes [Historical-Philological Journal]‎ (in Armenian), issue 1, pages 240–241
• Mkrtčʿyan, Nerses (1970), “Xetʿa-haykakan əndhanrutʿyunner [Hittite–Armenian Parallels]”, in Lraber Hasarakakan Gitutyunneri [Herald of the Social Sciences]‎ (in Armenian), issue 7, page 58 of 58–69
• Mkrtschjan, N. (1974), “Neue hethitisch-armenische lexikalische Parallelen”, in Acta Antiqua Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae (in German), issue 22, Budapest, page 316
• Mkrtčʿyan, Nerses (2000), “ջնար”, in Eražštakan baṙaran [Musical Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Mšakuytʿi hayk. fond, →ISBN, page 228
• Mkrtčjan, N. A. (2005) Семитские языки и армянский [Semitic Languages and Armenian] (in Russian), Yerevan: Drazark, →ISBN, page 190
• Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “ջնար”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy