ցիռ
Armenian
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Old Armenian ցիռ (cʿiṙ).
Pronunciation
- (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [t͡sʰir]
- (Western Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [t͡sʰiɾ]
Declension
i-type, animate (Eastern Armenian)
| singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ցիռ (cʿiṙ) | ցիռեր (cʿiṙer) | ||
| dative | ցիռի (cʿiṙi) | ցիռերի (cʿiṙeri) | ||
| ablative | ցիռից (cʿiṙicʿ) | ցիռերից (cʿiṙericʿ) | ||
| instrumental | ցիռով (cʿiṙov) | ցիռերով (cʿiṙerov) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
| definite forms | ||||
| nominative | ցիռը/ցիռն (cʿiṙə/cʿiṙn) | ցիռերը/ցիռերն (cʿiṙerə/cʿiṙern) | ||
| dative | ցիռին (cʿiṙin) | ցիռերին (cʿiṙerin) | ||
| 1st person possessive forms (my) | ||||
| nominative | ցիռս (cʿiṙs) | ցիռերս (cʿiṙers) | ||
| dative | ցիռիս (cʿiṙis) | ցիռերիս (cʿiṙeris) | ||
| ablative | ցիռիցս (cʿiṙicʿs) | ցիռերիցս (cʿiṙericʿs) | ||
| instrumental | ցիռովս (cʿiṙovs) | ցիռերովս (cʿiṙerovs) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
| 2nd person possessive forms (your) | ||||
| nominative | ցիռդ (cʿiṙd) | ցիռերդ (cʿiṙerd) | ||
| dative | ցիռիդ (cʿiṙid) | ցիռերիդ (cʿiṙerid) | ||
| ablative | ցիռիցդ (cʿiṙicʿd) | ցիռերիցդ (cʿiṙericʿd) | ||
| instrumental | ցիռովդ (cʿiṙovd) | ցիռերովդ (cʿiṙerovd) | ||
| locative | — | — | ||
Old Armenian
Etymology
The origin is uncertain. J̌ahukyan derives from Proto-Indo-European *skēr-s-, from *sker- (“to jump”), with a close cognate in Old Norse skjarr (“timid, shy, afraid of”).[1][2] For this root see Pokorny, without the Armenian.[3] On the other hand, Martirosyan explains as "the grey or brown one" and connects with Irish cíar (“dark brown”), Proto-Slavic *śěrъ (“grey”), Proto-Germanic *hairaz (“grey”).[4] On these see Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱeh₃-.
Noun
ցիռ • (cʿiṙ)
- onager, wild ass
- Synonym: իշավայր (išavayr)
- 5th century, with changes and additions in later centuries, Baroyaxōs [Physiologus] Earliest recension (TR).12.2–3:[5]
- Բարոյախաւսն ասէ վասն ցռուց, թէ իշավայրն երամակապան է։ Յորժամ ծնանիցին մատակքն արու մտրուկ, հայրն ծամէ զկարեւորսն նորա, զի մի ի սերմն եւ ի զարմ բազմանայցէ։
- Baroyaxawsn asē vasn cʿṙucʿ, tʿē išavayrn eramakapan ē. Yoržam cnanicʿin matakkʿn aru mtruk, hayrn camē zkareworsn nora, zi mi i sermn ew i zarm bazmanaycʿē.
- Translation by Gohar Muradyan
- Physiologus says about the onager that the wild ass is leader of a herd. When the females bring forth a male colt, the father chews its genitals, so that it is not propagated by seed and stock.
- Բարոյախաւսն ասէ վասն ցռուց, թէ իշավայրն երամակապան է։ Յորժամ ծնանիցին մատակքն արու մտրուկ, հայրն ծամէ զկարեւորսն նորա, զի մի ի սերմն եւ ի զարմ բազմանայցէ։
Declension
o-type
u-type
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | ցիռ (cʿiṙ) | ցիռք (cʿiṙkʿ) | |
| genitive | ցռու (cʿṙu) | ցռուց (cʿṙucʿ) | |
| dative | ցռու (cʿṙu) | ցռուց (cʿṙucʿ) | |
| accusative | ցիռ (cʿiṙ) | ցիռս (cʿiṙs) | |
| ablative | ցռէ (cʿṙē) | ցռուց (cʿṙucʿ) | |
| instrumental | ցռու (cʿṙu) | ցռուք (cʿṙukʿ) | |
| locative | ցռու (cʿṙu) | ցիռս (cʿiṙs) |
Derived terms
- ցռէշ (cʿṙēš)
Descendants
- → Armenian: ցիռ (cʿiṙ) (learned)
References
- J̌ahukean, Geworg (1987), “Stugabanutʿiwnner [Etymologies]”, in Handes Amsorya (in Armenian), page 621b of 615–621
- J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010), “ցիռ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 743a
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 933–935
- Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, pages 627–628
- Muradyan, Gohar (2005) Physiologus: The Greek and Armenian Versions with a Study of Translation Technique (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 6), Leuven – Paris – Dudley: Peeters, pages 106, 148
Further reading
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “ցիռ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 455b, unknown origin
- Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “ցիռ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 939, unknown origin
- Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “ցիռ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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