آفة

Arabic

Etymology

From the root ء و ف‎ (ʔ-w-f).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʔaː.fa/

Noun

آفَة • (ʔāfa) f (plural آفَات‎ (ʔāfāt))

damage, loss, calamity, harm, bane, pest, plague
- c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام‎ [Yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʾaḥmad ibn al-ʿawwām], José Antonio Banqueri, editor, كتاب الفلاحة‎ [Book on Agriculture], volume 1, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802^IA, Cap. 16, page 680:
  
  ‏وقيل إن نضح بقدر جرة من ماء الزيتون قدر مائة جرة من الطعام لم يفسد ولم تصبه آفة وإن نضح عليه ماء الأفسنتين بقي ولم يفسد.‎‎
  It is said that when a jar of wheat is dampened with a jar of amurca it does not suffer decay nor damage, and if it is dampened with absinthe water, it stays and does not rot.

Declension

Declension of noun آفَة (ʔāfa)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	آفَة ʔāfa	الْآفَة‎ al-ʔāfa	آفَة ʔāfat
Nominative	آفَةٌ ʔāfatun	الْآفَةُ‎ al-ʔāfatu	آفَةُ ʔāfatu
Accusative	آفَةً ʔāfatan	الْآفَةَ‎ al-ʔāfata	آفَةَ ʔāfata
Genitive	آفَةٍ ʔāfatin	الْآفَةِ‎ al-ʔāfati	آفَةِ ʔāfati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	آفَتَيْن‎ ʔāfatayn	الْآفَتَيْن‎ al-ʔāfatayn	آفَتَيْ‎ ʔāfatay
Nominative	آفَتَانِ‎ ʔāfatāni	الْآفَتَانِ‎ al-ʔāfatāni	آفَتَا‎ ʔāfatā
Accusative	آفَتَيْنِ‎ ʔāfatayni	الْآفَتَيْنِ‎ al-ʔāfatayni	آفَتَيْ‎ ʔāfatay
Genitive	آفَتَيْنِ‎ ʔāfatayni	الْآفَتَيْنِ‎ al-ʔāfatayni	آفَتَيْ‎ ʔāfatay
Plural	sound feminine plural
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	آفَات‎ ʔāfāt	الْآفَات‎ al-ʔāfāt	آفَات‎ ʔāfāt
Nominative	آفَاتٌ‎ ʔāfātun	الْآفَاتُ‎ al-ʔāfātu	آفَاتُ‎ ʔāfātu
Accusative	آفَاتٍ‎ ʔāfātin	الْآفَاتِ‎ al-ʔāfāti	آفَاتِ‎ ʔāfāti
Genitive	آفَاتٍ‎ ʔāfātin	الْآفَاتِ‎ al-ʔāfāti	آفَاتِ‎ ʔāfāti

Descendants

→ Persian: آفت‎ (âfat)
- → Azerbaijani: afət
- → Ottoman Turkish: آفت‎
  - → Turkish: afet
- → Bengali: আফত (afôt)
- → Urdu: آفت‎ (āfat)
- → Uyghur: ئاپەت‎ (apet)
- → Uzbek: ofat
- → Malayalam: ആപത്ത് (āpattŭ)

References

Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881), “آفة”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 44
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884), “آفة”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎, London: W.H. Allen, page 60

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