جاهل

Arabic

Etymology

Derived from the active participle of جَهِلَ‎ (jahila, “to be ignorant”), from the root ج ه ل‎ (j-h-l).

Adjective

جَاهِل • (jāhil), feminine جَاهِلَة‎ (jāhila), common plural جُهَّل‎ (juhhal), masculine plural جَاهِلُون‎ (jāhilūn) or جُهَّال‎ (juhhāl) or جُهَلَاء‎ (juhalāʔ) or جَهَلَة‎ (jahala), feminine plural جَاهِلَات‎ (jāhilāt) or جَوَاهِل‎ (jawāhil), elative أَجْهَل‎ (ʔajhal)

ignorant, uneducated
foolish
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 25:63:
  ‏وَعِبَادُ ٱلرَّحْمَـٰنِ ٱلَّذِينَ يَمْشُونَ عَلَى ٱلْأَرْضِ هَوْنًا وَإِذَا خَاطَبَهُمُ ٱلْجَـٰهِلُونَ قَالُوا سَلَٰمًا‎
  waʕibādu r-raḥmāni llaḏīna yamšūna ʕalā l-ʔarḍi hawnan waʔiḏā ḵāṭabahumu l-jāhilūna qālū salāman
  (please add an English translation of this quote)

Declension

Declension of adjective جَاهِل (jāhil)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	جَاهِل jāhil	الْجَاهِل‎ al-jāhil	جَاهِلَة‎ jāhila	الْجَاهِلَة‎ al-jāhila
Nominative	جَاهِلٌ jāhilun	الْجَاهِلُ‎ al-jāhilu	جَاهِلَةٌ‎ jāhilatun	الْجَاهِلَةُ‎ al-jāhilatu
Accusative	جَاهِلًا‎ jāhilan	الْجَاهِلَ‎ al-jāhila	جَاهِلَةً‎ jāhilatan	الْجَاهِلَةَ‎ al-jāhilata
Genitive	جَاهِلٍ jāhilin	الْجَاهِلِ‎ al-jāhili	جَاهِلَةٍ‎ jāhilatin	الْجَاهِلَةِ‎ al-jāhilati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	جَاهِلَيْن‎ jāhilayn	الْجَاهِلَيْن‎ al-jāhilayn	جَاهِلَتَيْن‎ jāhilatayn	الْجَاهِلَتَيْن‎ al-jāhilatayn
Nominative	جَاهِلَانِ‎ jāhilāni	الْجَاهِلَانِ‎ al-jāhilāni	جَاهِلَتَانِ‎ jāhilatāni	الْجَاهِلَتَانِ‎ al-jāhilatāni
Accusative	جَاهِلَيْنِ‎ jāhilayni	الْجَاهِلَيْنِ‎ al-jāhilayni	جَاهِلَتَيْنِ‎ jāhilatayni	الْجَاهِلَتَيْنِ‎ al-jāhilatayni
Genitive	جَاهِلَيْنِ‎ jāhilayni	الْجَاهِلَيْنِ‎ al-jāhilayni	جَاهِلَتَيْنِ‎ jāhilatayni	الْجَاهِلَتَيْنِ‎ al-jāhilatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	sound masculine plural‎; basic broken plural triptote‎; basic broken plural diptote‎; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)		sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural diptote‎; basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	جَاهِلِين‎‎; جُهَّال‎‎; جُهَلَاء‎‎; جَهَلَة‎‎; جُهَّل‎ jāhilīn‎; juhhāl‎; juhalāʔ‎; jahala‎; juhhal	الْجَاهِلِين‎‎; الْجُهَّال‎‎; الْجُهَلَاء‎‎; الْجَهَلَة‎‎; الْجُهَّل‎ al-jāhilīn‎; al-juhhāl‎; al-juhalāʔ‎; al-jahala‎; al-juhhal	جَاهِلَات‎‎; جَوَاهِل‎‎; جُهَّل‎ jāhilāt‎; jawāhil‎; juhhal	الْجَاهِلَات‎‎; الْجَوَاهِل‎‎; الْجُهَّل‎ al-jāhilāt‎; al-jawāhil‎; al-juhhal
Nominative	جَاهِلُونَ‎‎; جُهَّالٌ‎‎; جُهَلَاءُ‎‎; جَهَلَةٌ‎‎; جُهَّلٌ‎ jāhilūna‎; juhhālun‎; juhalāʔu‎; jahalatun‎; juhhalun	الْجَاهِلُونَ‎‎; الْجُهَّالُ‎‎; الْجُهَلَاءُ‎‎; الْجَهَلَةُ‎‎; الْجُهَّلُ‎ al-jāhilūna‎; al-juhhālu‎; al-juhalāʔu‎; al-jahalatu‎; al-juhhalu	جَاهِلَاتٌ‎‎; جَوَاهِلُ‎‎; جُهَّلٌ‎ jāhilātun‎; jawāhilu‎; juhhalun	الْجَاهِلَاتُ‎‎; الْجَوَاهِلُ‎‎; الْجُهَّلُ‎ al-jāhilātu‎; al-jawāhilu‎; al-juhhalu
Accusative	جَاهِلِينَ‎‎; جُهَّالًا‎‎; جُهَلَاءَ‎‎; جَهَلَةً‎‎; جُهَّلًا‎ jāhilīna‎; juhhālan‎; juhalāʔa‎; jahalatan‎; juhhalan	الْجَاهِلِينَ‎‎; الْجُهَّالَ‎‎; الْجُهَلَاءَ‎‎; الْجَهَلَةَ‎‎; الْجُهَّلَ‎ al-jāhilīna‎; al-juhhāla‎; al-juhalāʔa‎; al-jahalata‎; al-juhhala	جَاهِلَاتٍ‎‎; جَوَاهِلَ‎‎; جُهَّلًا‎ jāhilātin‎; jawāhila‎; juhhalan	الْجَاهِلَاتِ‎‎; الْجَوَاهِلَ‎‎; الْجُهَّلَ‎ al-jāhilāti‎; al-jawāhila‎; al-juhhala
Genitive	جَاهِلِينَ‎‎; جُهَّالٍ‎‎; جُهَلَاءَ‎‎; جَهَلَةٍ‎‎; جُهَّلٍ‎ jāhilīna‎; juhhālin‎; juhalāʔa‎; jahalatin‎; juhhalin	الْجَاهِلِينَ‎‎; الْجُهَّالِ‎‎; الْجُهَلَاءِ‎‎; الْجَهَلَةِ‎‎; الْجُهَّلِ‎ al-jāhilīna‎; al-juhhāli‎; al-juhalāʔi‎; al-jahalati‎; al-juhhali	جَاهِلَاتٍ‎‎; جَوَاهِلَ‎‎; جُهَّلٍ‎ jāhilātin‎; jawāhila‎; juhhalin	الْجَاهِلَاتِ‎‎; الْجَوَاهِلِ‎‎; الْجُهَّلِ‎ al-jāhilāti‎; al-jawāhili‎; al-juhhali

Antonyms

عَالِم‎ (ʕālim)

Descendants

Gulf Arabic: ياهل‎ (yāhil, “kid, child”)
→ Azerbaijani: cahil
→ Georgian: ჯეილი (ǯeili, “youngster”), ჯეელი (ǯeeli)
→ Lishana Deni: גׄחל‎ (jaḥəl)
→ Malay: jahil
→ Middle Armenian: ջահիլ (ǰahil)
- Armenian: ջահիլ (ǰahil)
→ Northern Kurdish: cahil (“ignorant”), cehêl (“young”)
→ Ottoman Turkish: جاهل‎ (cahil)
- Turkish: cahil
→ Persian: جاهل‎ (jâhel)
- → Uzbek: johil
- → Armenian: ջահել (ǰahel)
- → Romani: ʒukel (possibly)

Moroccan Arabic

Root
ج ه ل‎
1 term

Etymology

From Arabic جَاهِل‎ (jāhil).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʒaː.hil/

Adjective

جاهل • (jāhil), feminine جاهلة‎ (jāhla), common plural جهال‎ (juhhāl) or جهلة‎ (juhala), masculine plural جاهلين‎ (jāhlīn), feminine plural جاهلات‎ (jāhlāt), elative جهل‎ (jhal) or أجهل‎ (ʔajhal)

ignorant, illiterate, uneducated
having a blind rage

Northern Kurdish

Adjective

جاهل (cahil)

Arabic spelling of cahil

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic جاهل‎.

Adjective

جاهل • (cahil)

ignorant, idiot
Synonyms: بلمز‎ (bilmez), نادان‎ (nadan)

Derived terms

جاهللك‎ (cahillik, “ignorance”)

Descendants

Turkish: cahil

References

Hindoglu, Artin (1838), “جاهل”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français, Vienna: F. Beck, page 178

Persian

Etymology

From Arabic جَاهِل‎ (jāhil).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɑːˈhil/

(Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɑːˈhɪl/

(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɒːˈhel/

(Tajik) IPA^(key): /d͡ʒɔˈhil/

Adjective

Iranian Persian	جاهل
Dari	جاهل
Tajik	ҷоҳил (johil)

جاهل • (jâhel), comparative جاهل‌تَر‎ (jâhel-tar), superlative جاهل‌تَرین‎ (jâhel-tarin)

foolish, unwise
ignorant, uninformed
(informal, now rare) young

Synonyms

نادان‎ (nâdân)

References

Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–), “جاهل”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.