خویش

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian NPŠE / 𐭭𐭯𐭱𐭤‎ (xwēš), from Old Persian [script needed] (ʰuvāipašiyam), a compound from Proto-Iranian *hwaypaθyah, with the phonetic change resulting in unattested but assumed Middle Persian *xwēbš > xwēš.

The first element of the compound is akin to Old Persian [script needed] (huva), from Proto-Iranian *hwá, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *swá (“reflexive pronoun”), from Proto-Indo-European *swé.[1] (compare Persian ‎ (xod, “self”))

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /xʷeːʃ/

(Dari Persian) IPA^(key): /xeːʃ/

(Iranian Persian) IPA^(key): /xiːʃ/

(Tajik) IPA^(key): /xeʃ/

Pronoun

خویش • (xiš)

(reflexive) oneself
(emphatic) one's own

Usage notes

In Modern Colloquial and Standard Persian, the term has largely been replaced by خود (xod), and is used almost exclusively in literary contexts.

Synonyms

(reflexive, oneself): خود‎ (xod)

Descendants

→ Urdu: خویش‎ (xīš)
→ Bengali: খেশ (kheś)

Noun

خویش • (xiš)

self

Derived terms

خویشاوند‎ (xišâvand)

References

Pokorny 992

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