سرمه

Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *ḱel- (“to cover, conceal”). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• (Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /suɾma/

• (Dari): IPA^(key): /sʊɾma/

• (Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /soɾme/
• (Tajik): IPA^(key): /suɾma/

سرمه • (sorme)

1. kohl, collyrium
2. antimony

• سرمه‌ای‎ (sorme-'i)

• → Azerbaijani: sürmə
• → Bengali: সুরমা (suroma)
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: सुरमा (surmā)
  • Urdu: سرمہ‎
  • → English: soorma
• → Ottoman Turkish: سرمه‎
  • Turkish: sürme
• → Uzbek: surma

From Middle Persian *sarmag, from Proto-Iranian *caranáh, which gave rise to Arabic سَرْمَق‎ (sarmaq, “orach”) and Classical Syriac ܣܪܡܓ‎ (srmg, “orach”).

The forms سرمج‎ (sarmaj) and سرمق‎ (sarmaq) are from Arabic. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.).

• (Classical Persian): IPA^(key): /saɾma/

• (Dari): IPA^(key): /saɾma/

• (Iranian Persian): IPA^(key): /sæɾme/
• (Tajik): IPA^(key): /saɾma/

سرمه • (sarme)

1. orach

• سرم‎ (sarm), سرمک‎ (sarmak), سرمخ‎ (sarmax), سرمج‎ (sarmaj), سرمق‎ (sarmaq)

• “srmg”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Brockelmann, Carl (1928) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 922b
• Ciancaglini, Claudia A. (2008) Iranian loanwords in Syriac (Beiträge zur Iranistik; 28), Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 227
• Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎ (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 337
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “سرمه”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul