سلاح

Arabic

Etymology

From the root س ل ح‎ (s-l-ḥ). Cognate with Hebrew שֶׁלַח‎ (shélach, “dagger, short sword”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /si.laːħ/
    • (Moroccan) IPA(key): /slaːħ/
  • Audio(file)

Noun

سِلَاح • (silāḥ) m (plural أَسْلِحَة‎ (ʔasliḥa))

  1. weapon, arm
    • 2020 December 10, Al Jazeera‎, archived from the original on 4 January 2021:
      ‏مَدَّدَتِ ٱلْحُكُومَةُ ٱلْأَلْمَانِيَّةُ […] ٱلْحَظْرَ ٱلْمَفْرُوضَ عَلَى تَصْدِيرِ ٱلْأَسْلِحَةِ لِلْمَمْلَكَةِ ٱلْعَرَبِيَّةِ ٱلسَّعُودِيَّةِ حَتَّى نِهَايَةِ عَامِ 2021، وَذَٰلِكَ لِلْخَوْفِ مِنِ ٱسْتِخْدَامِ ٱلسِّلَاحِ فِي ٱلْحَرْبِ ٱلَّتِي تَقُودُهَا ٱلْمَمْلَكَةُ فِي ٱلْيَمَنِ.‎‎
      maddadati l-ḥukūmatu l-ʔalmāniyyatu […] l-ḥaẓra l-mafrūḍa ʕalā taṣdīri l-ʔasliḥati lilmamlakati l-ʕarabiyyati s-saʕūdiyyati ḥattā nihāyati ʕāmi 2021, waḏālika lilḵawfi mini stiḵdāmi s-silāḥi fī l-ḥarbi llatī taqūduhā l-mamlakatu fī l-yamani.
      The German government has decided to extend the ban on exporting weapons to Saudi Arabia until the end of 2021, out of fear of using the weapons on its war in Yemen.
  2. branch of the armed forces
  3. armor
  4. steel claw
  5. plowshare

Declension
Declension of noun سِلَاح (silāḥ)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سِلَاح
silāḥ		 السِّلَاح‎
as-silāḥ		 سِلَاح
silāḥ
Nominative سِلَاحٌ
silāḥun		 السِّلَاحُ‎
as-silāḥu		 سِلَاحُ
silāḥu
Accusative سِلَاحًا‎
silāḥan		 السِّلَاحَ‎
as-silāḥa		 سِلَاحَ
silāḥa
Genitive سِلَاحٍ
silāḥin		 السِّلَاحِ‎
as-silāḥi		 سِلَاحِ
silāḥi
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal سِلَاحَيْن‎
silāḥayn		 السِّلَاحَيْن‎
as-silāḥayn		 سِلَاحَيْ‎
silāḥay
Nominative سِلَاحَانِ‎
silāḥāni		 السِّلَاحَانِ‎
as-silāḥāni		 سِلَاحَا‎
silāḥā
Accusative سِلَاحَيْنِ‎
silāḥayni		 السِّلَاحَيْنِ‎
as-silāḥayni		 سِلَاحَيْ‎
silāḥay
Genitive سِلَاحَيْنِ‎
silāḥayni		 السِّلَاحَيْنِ‎
as-silāḥayni		 سِلَاحَيْ‎
silāḥay
Plural broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal أَسْلِحَة‎
ʔasliḥa		 الْأَسْلِحَة‎
al-ʔasliḥa		 أَسْلِحَة‎
ʔasliḥat
Nominative أَسْلِحَةٌ‎
ʔasliḥatun		 الْأَسْلِحَةُ‎
al-ʔasliḥatu		 أَسْلِحَةُ‎
ʔasliḥatu
Accusative أَسْلِحَةً‎
ʔasliḥatan		 الْأَسْلِحَةَ‎
al-ʔasliḥata		 أَسْلِحَةَ‎
ʔasliḥata
Genitive أَسْلِحَةٍ‎
ʔasliḥatin		 الْأَسْلِحَةِ‎
al-ʔasliḥati		 أَسْلِحَةِ‎
ʔasliḥati

Descendants
  • → Azerbaijani: silah
  • → Ottoman Turkish: سلاح‎ (silah)
    • Turkish: silah
    • → Albanian: silah
    • → Aromanian: sileahe, sileafe, șileahe, cileahe
    • → Bulgarian: силя́х (siljáh)
    • → Greek: σιλάχι (siláchi)
    • → Romanian: sileah, sileaf, seleaf
    • → Serbo-Croatian:
  • → Persian: سلاح‎ (selâh)
  • → Swahili: silaha

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Arabic سِلَاح‎ (silāḥ).

Noun

سلاح • (silah) (plural اسلحه‎)

  1. weapon, arms
    ‏سفربرلك وار
    عسكر اولانلر سلاح آلتنه
    سفربرلكك برنجی گنی [...]در    ‎
    seferberlik var
    asker olanlar silah altına
    seferberliğin birinci günü [...]dır
    There is mobilization!
    Soldiers under the arms!
    First day of mobilization is [...]
  • سلاحدار‎ (silahdar)
  • سلاحشور‎ (silahşor)

Descendants
  • Turkish: silah
  • → Albanian: silah
  • → Aromanian: sileahe, sileafe, șileahe, cileahe
  • → Bulgarian: силя́х (siljáh)
  • → Greek: σιλάχι (siláchi)
  • → Romanian: sileah, sileaf, seleaf
  • → Serbo-Croatian:

References
  • Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “سلاح”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, column 2647
  • Redhouse, James W. (1890), “سلاح”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon, Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1069
  • Поленаковиќ, Харалампие (2007), “sileáhe”, in Зузана Тополињска, Петар Атанасов, editors, Турските елементи во ароманскиот, put into Macedonian from the author’s Serbo-Croatian Turski elementi u aromunskom dijalektu (1939, unpublished) by Веселинка Лаброска, Скопје: Македонска академија на науките и уметностите, →ISBN, page 174

Persian

Etymology

From Arabic سِلَاح‎ (silāḥ).

Pronunciation
    • (Dari): IPA(key): /sɪlɒːh/

    Noun

    سلاح • (selâh) (plural سلاح‌ها‎ (selâh-hâ) or اسلحه‎ (aslahe))

    1. weapon

    Descendants

    Urdu

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Persian سلاح‎ (selâh), from Arabic سِلَاح‎ (silāḥ).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    سلاح • (silā) f (Hindi spelling सिला)

    1. weapon
    2. arms
    3. armor
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